Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography

Abstract Pulmonary disease can severely impair respiratory function and be life-threatening. Accurately recognizing pulmonary diseases in chest X-ray images is challenging due to overlapping body structures and the complex anatomy of the chest. We propose an adaptive multiscale feature fusion model...

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Main Authors: Mengran Zhou, Lipeng Gao, Kai Bian, Haonan Wang, Ning Wang, Yue Chen, Siyi Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13479-1
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author Mengran Zhou
Lipeng Gao
Kai Bian
Haonan Wang
Ning Wang
Yue Chen
Siyi Liu
author_facet Mengran Zhou
Lipeng Gao
Kai Bian
Haonan Wang
Ning Wang
Yue Chen
Siyi Liu
author_sort Mengran Zhou
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Pulmonary disease can severely impair respiratory function and be life-threatening. Accurately recognizing pulmonary diseases in chest X-ray images is challenging due to overlapping body structures and the complex anatomy of the chest. We propose an adaptive multiscale feature fusion model for recognizing Chest X-ray images of pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19, which are common pulmonary diseases. We introduce an Adaptive Multiscale Fusion Network (AMFNet) for pulmonary disease classification in chest X-ray images. AMFNet consists of a lightweight Multiscale Fusion Network (MFNet) and ResNet50 as the secondary feature extraction network. MFNet employs Fusion Blocks with self-calibrated convolution (SCConv) and Attention Feature Fusion (AFF) to capture multiscale semantic features, and integrates a custom activation function, MFReLU, which is employed to reduce the model’s memory access time. A fusion module adaptively combines features from both networks. Experimental results show that AMFNet achieves 97.48% accuracy and an F1 score of 0.9781 on public datasets, outperforming models like ResNet50, DenseNet121, ConvNeXt-Tiny, and Vision Transformer while using fewer parameters.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
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series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-27915b7e4a234a6b95196502be752d482025-08-20T03:43:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115112210.1038/s41598-025-13479-1Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiographyMengran Zhou0Lipeng Gao1Kai Bian2Haonan Wang3Ning Wang4Yue Chen5Siyi Liu6School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and TechnologySchool of Mechanics and Optoelectronic Physics, Anhui University of Science and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Pulmonary disease can severely impair respiratory function and be life-threatening. Accurately recognizing pulmonary diseases in chest X-ray images is challenging due to overlapping body structures and the complex anatomy of the chest. We propose an adaptive multiscale feature fusion model for recognizing Chest X-ray images of pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19, which are common pulmonary diseases. We introduce an Adaptive Multiscale Fusion Network (AMFNet) for pulmonary disease classification in chest X-ray images. AMFNet consists of a lightweight Multiscale Fusion Network (MFNet) and ResNet50 as the secondary feature extraction network. MFNet employs Fusion Blocks with self-calibrated convolution (SCConv) and Attention Feature Fusion (AFF) to capture multiscale semantic features, and integrates a custom activation function, MFReLU, which is employed to reduce the model’s memory access time. A fusion module adaptively combines features from both networks. Experimental results show that AMFNet achieves 97.48% accuracy and an F1 score of 0.9781 on public datasets, outperforming models like ResNet50, DenseNet121, ConvNeXt-Tiny, and Vision Transformer while using fewer parameters.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13479-1Pulmonary diseasesComputer aided diagnosisDeep learningFeature fusion
spellingShingle Mengran Zhou
Lipeng Gao
Kai Bian
Haonan Wang
Ning Wang
Yue Chen
Siyi Liu
Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography
Scientific Reports
Pulmonary diseases
Computer aided diagnosis
Deep learning
Feature fusion
title Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography
title_full Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography
title_fullStr Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography
title_full_unstemmed Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography
title_short Pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography
title_sort pulmonary diseases accurate recognition using adaptive multiscale feature fusion in chest radiography
topic Pulmonary diseases
Computer aided diagnosis
Deep learning
Feature fusion
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13479-1
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AT haonanwang pulmonarydiseasesaccuraterecognitionusingadaptivemultiscalefeaturefusioninchestradiography
AT ningwang pulmonarydiseasesaccuraterecognitionusingadaptivemultiscalefeaturefusioninchestradiography
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