Aqueous <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: Part I. Influence of Synthesis Parameters, Characterization, and Biomedical Studies

Aqueous <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: Part I. Influence of Synthesis Parameters, Characterization, and Biomedical Studies

This study explores the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> (lemongrass) extract as a reducing agent. Synthesis was confirmed by a color change (light yellow to dark brown) under optimal conditions: 1.50 mM silver nitrate, 3.5% <i>v</...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Himabindu Kurra, Aditya Velidandi, Mounika Sarvepalli, Ninian Prem Prashanth Pabbathi, Vikram Godishala
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
biomedical applications
green synthesis
silver nanoparticles
synthesis parameters
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/5/328
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Summary:This study explores the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> (lemongrass) extract as a reducing agent. Synthesis was confirmed by a color change (light yellow to dark brown) under optimal conditions: 1.50 mM silver nitrate, 3.5% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> extract, at 100 °C, with a pH of 9, and for 60 min. The AgNPs exhibited spherical morphology, a hydrodynamic diameter of 135.41 ± 49.30 nm, a zeta potential of −29.9 ± 1.4 mV, crystalline structure, and minimal aggregation. AgNPs showed significant antibacterial activity, particularly at >20 µg/well, with the zones of inhibition varying by bacterial strain. In vitro studies demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic (α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition), and antioxidant activities, with AgNPs outperforming plant extract and nearing standard efficacy at higher concentrations. Cyto-toxicity studies indicated that AgNPs and plant extract were less toxic than doxorubicin but exhibited concentration-dependent effects on cancerous and non-cancerous cells. Eco-toxicity assays revealed that AgNPs were less acutely toxic than controls but posed risks with prolonged exposure. This work highlights the eco-friendly synthesis of AgNPs and their potential in biomedical applications, demonstrating efficacy in antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
ISSN:2079-4991

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