Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration
Urbanization has profoundly transformed land surface morphology and amplified thermal environmental modifications, culminating in intensified urban heat island (UHI) phenomena. Local climate zones (LCZs) provide a robust methodological framework for quantifying thermal heterogeneity and dynamics at...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/14/2391 |
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| author | Mengyu Ge Zhongzhao Xiong Yuanjin Li Li Li Fei Xie Yuanfu Gong Yufeng Sun |
| author_facet | Mengyu Ge Zhongzhao Xiong Yuanjin Li Li Li Fei Xie Yuanfu Gong Yufeng Sun |
| author_sort | Mengyu Ge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urbanization has profoundly transformed land surface morphology and amplified thermal environmental modifications, culminating in intensified urban heat island (UHI) phenomena. Local climate zones (LCZs) provide a robust methodological framework for quantifying thermal heterogeneity and dynamics at local scales. Our study investigated the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration (CZXA) as a case study and systematically examined spatiotemporal patterns of LCZs and land surface temperature (LST) from 2002 to 2019, while elucidating mechanisms influencing urban thermal environments and proposing optimized cooling strategies. Key findings demonstrated that through multi-source remote sensing data integration, long-term LCZ classification was achieved with 1,592 training samples, maintaining an overall accuracy exceeding 70%. Landscape pattern analysis revealed that increased fragmentation, configurational complexity, and diversity indices coupled with diminished spatial connectivity significantly elevate LST. Rapid development of the city in the vertical direction also led to an increase in LST. Among seven urban morphological parameters, impervious surface fraction (ISF) and pervious surface fraction (PSF) demonstrated the strongest correlations with LST, showing Pearson coefficients of 0.82 and −0.82, respectively. Pearson coefficients of mean building height (BH), building surface fraction (BSF), and mean street width (SW) also reached 0.50, 0.55, and 0.66. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results revealed that the connectivity and fragmentation degree of LCZ_8 (COHESION8) was the most critical parameter affecting urban thermal environment, explaining 58.5% of LST. Based on these findings and materiality assessment, the regional cooling model of “cooling resistance surface–cooling source–cooling corridor–cooling node” of CZXA was constructed. In the future, particular attention should be paid to the shape and distribution of buildings, especially large, openly arranged buildings with one to three stories, as well as to controlling building height and density. Moreover, tailored protection strategies should be formulated and implemented for cooling sources, corridors, and nodes based on their hierarchical significance within urban thermal regulation systems. These research outcomes offer a robust scientific foundation for evidence-based decision-making in mitigating UHI effects and promoting sustainable urban ecosystem development across urban agglomerations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-27702f50fcb04928ae762fb6eb6b5bcc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-27702f50fcb04928ae762fb6eb6b5bcc2025-08-20T03:32:15ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-07-011714239110.3390/rs17142391Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban AgglomerationMengyu Ge0Zhongzhao Xiong1Yuanjin Li2Li Li3Fei Xie4Yuanfu Gong5Yufeng Sun6HuBei Institute of Land Surveying and Mapping, No. 199 Macau Road, Wuhan 430034, ChinaHuBei Institute of Land Surveying and Mapping, No. 199 Macau Road, Wuhan 430034, ChinaSouth China Sea Sea Area and Island Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510310, ChinaSchool of Remote Sensing Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaHuBei Institute of Land Surveying and Mapping, No. 199 Macau Road, Wuhan 430034, ChinaHuBei Institute of Land Surveying and Mapping, No. 199 Macau Road, Wuhan 430034, ChinaHuBei Institute of Land Surveying and Mapping, No. 199 Macau Road, Wuhan 430034, ChinaUrbanization has profoundly transformed land surface morphology and amplified thermal environmental modifications, culminating in intensified urban heat island (UHI) phenomena. Local climate zones (LCZs) provide a robust methodological framework for quantifying thermal heterogeneity and dynamics at local scales. Our study investigated the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration (CZXA) as a case study and systematically examined spatiotemporal patterns of LCZs and land surface temperature (LST) from 2002 to 2019, while elucidating mechanisms influencing urban thermal environments and proposing optimized cooling strategies. Key findings demonstrated that through multi-source remote sensing data integration, long-term LCZ classification was achieved with 1,592 training samples, maintaining an overall accuracy exceeding 70%. Landscape pattern analysis revealed that increased fragmentation, configurational complexity, and diversity indices coupled with diminished spatial connectivity significantly elevate LST. Rapid development of the city in the vertical direction also led to an increase in LST. Among seven urban morphological parameters, impervious surface fraction (ISF) and pervious surface fraction (PSF) demonstrated the strongest correlations with LST, showing Pearson coefficients of 0.82 and −0.82, respectively. Pearson coefficients of mean building height (BH), building surface fraction (BSF), and mean street width (SW) also reached 0.50, 0.55, and 0.66. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results revealed that the connectivity and fragmentation degree of LCZ_8 (COHESION8) was the most critical parameter affecting urban thermal environment, explaining 58.5% of LST. Based on these findings and materiality assessment, the regional cooling model of “cooling resistance surface–cooling source–cooling corridor–cooling node” of CZXA was constructed. In the future, particular attention should be paid to the shape and distribution of buildings, especially large, openly arranged buildings with one to three stories, as well as to controlling building height and density. Moreover, tailored protection strategies should be formulated and implemented for cooling sources, corridors, and nodes based on their hierarchical significance within urban thermal regulation systems. These research outcomes offer a robust scientific foundation for evidence-based decision-making in mitigating UHI effects and promoting sustainable urban ecosystem development across urban agglomerations.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/14/2391local climate zonesurban heat islandlandscape patterninfluence mechanismcooling modelChangsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan city group |
| spellingShingle | Mengyu Ge Zhongzhao Xiong Yuanjin Li Li Li Fei Xie Yuanfu Gong Yufeng Sun Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Remote Sensing local climate zones urban heat island landscape pattern influence mechanism cooling model Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan city group |
| title | Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration |
| title_full | Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration |
| title_fullStr | Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration |
| title_short | Research on Thermal Environment Influencing Mechanism and Cooling Model Based on Local Climate Zones: A Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration |
| title_sort | research on thermal environment influencing mechanism and cooling model based on local climate zones a case study of the changsha zhuzhou xiangtan urban agglomeration |
| topic | local climate zones urban heat island landscape pattern influence mechanism cooling model Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan city group |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/14/2391 |
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