Prevalence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rural and an urban Nigerian community: Are the demographics changing?
Background The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is increasing at an alarming rate globally and in sub-Saharan Africa, Nigeria inclusive. Previous community-based studies in Nigeria, including studies in Abia State have demonstrated a high prevalence of DM, with no significant differen...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Makhdoomi Printers
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/gjmedph/article/view/4129 |
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| Summary: | Background
The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is increasing at an alarming rate globally and in sub-Saharan Africa,
Nigeria inclusive. Previous community-based studies in Nigeria, including studies in Abia State have demonstrated
a high prevalence of DM, with no significant difference between the rural and urban areas in the previous study
done in Abia State.
Objective
To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of DM in urban and rural communities of Abia State, South-Eastern
Nigeria.
Method
A cross-sectional comparative study of 2800 adults, comprising equal numbers of rural and urban residents of Abia
State was conducted. Data was obtained using interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaires (Appendix
1). Blood pressure, anthropometric indices and fasting blood glucose were obtained for each of the participants.
Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.
Results
The mean age of the respondents was 48.54 ± 13.24 years, with the rural residents being significantly older than the
urban, (54.23 ± 14.26 and 42.85 ± 13.24 years, respectively p<0:001). Male to female ratio was 1:2.5, (p<0.001).
Diabetes mellitus was observed in 8% of the respondents (urban = 8.9% and rural = 7.2%, p=0.110). Independent
predictors of DM in this study included age, family history of DM, daily intake of fruits in processed forms and
hypertension in the urban area, while in the rural area are age and family history of DM.
Conclusion
The prevalence of DM is rising in Abia State, with no significant urban-rural difference as observed in previous
studies in the state.
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| ISSN: | 2277-9604 |