Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line Analysis
The structural response of single-story timber houses subjected to the 27 February 2010 Chile tsunami is studied in San Juan Bautista, an island town located nearly 600 km westward from the earthquake’s rupture source, in the Pacific Ocean. The ASCE 7-22 energy grade line analysis (EGLA) is used to...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/3/484 |
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| author | Darko Otey Juan Carlos Vielma Patricio Winckler |
| author_facet | Darko Otey Juan Carlos Vielma Patricio Winckler |
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| description | The structural response of single-story timber houses subjected to the 27 February 2010 Chile tsunami is studied in San Juan Bautista, an island town located nearly 600 km westward from the earthquake’s rupture source, in the Pacific Ocean. The ASCE 7-22 energy grade line analysis (EGLA) is used to calculate flow depths and velocities as functions of the topography and recorded runup. To understand the structural response along the topography, reactions and displacements are computed at six positions every 50 m from the coastline. Houses are modeled using the Robot software, considering dead and live loads cases under the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) philosophy. The results show that houses located near the coastline experience severe displacements and collapse due to a combination of hydrodynamic forces, drag and buoyancy, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the foundations’ anchorage. Structures far from the coastline are less exposed to reduced velocities, resulting in decreased displacements, structural demand and a tendency to float. Finally, the methodology is validated by applying a nonlinear analysis of the structures subjected to tsunami loads at the different positions considered in this study. Despite their seismic resistance, lightweight timber houses are shown to not be suitable for areas prone to tsunamis. Tsunami-resilient design should therefore consider heavier and more rigid materials in flooding areas and the relocation of lightweight structures in safe zones. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-271a09654b3e446287becebbc9e24e57 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
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| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-271a09654b3e446287becebbc9e24e572025-08-20T02:42:32ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-02-0113348410.3390/jmse13030484Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line AnalysisDarko Otey0Juan Carlos Vielma1Patricio Winckler2Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Brasil Ave. 2950, Valparaíso 2340025, ChileEscuela de Ingeniería Civil, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Brasil Ave. 2950, Valparaíso 2340025, ChileEscuela de Ingeniería Oceánica, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362844, ChileThe structural response of single-story timber houses subjected to the 27 February 2010 Chile tsunami is studied in San Juan Bautista, an island town located nearly 600 km westward from the earthquake’s rupture source, in the Pacific Ocean. The ASCE 7-22 energy grade line analysis (EGLA) is used to calculate flow depths and velocities as functions of the topography and recorded runup. To understand the structural response along the topography, reactions and displacements are computed at six positions every 50 m from the coastline. Houses are modeled using the Robot software, considering dead and live loads cases under the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) philosophy. The results show that houses located near the coastline experience severe displacements and collapse due to a combination of hydrodynamic forces, drag and buoyancy, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the foundations’ anchorage. Structures far from the coastline are less exposed to reduced velocities, resulting in decreased displacements, structural demand and a tendency to float. Finally, the methodology is validated by applying a nonlinear analysis of the structures subjected to tsunami loads at the different positions considered in this study. Despite their seismic resistance, lightweight timber houses are shown to not be suitable for areas prone to tsunamis. Tsunami-resilient design should therefore consider heavier and more rigid materials in flooding areas and the relocation of lightweight structures in safe zones.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/3/484tsunamienergy grade line analysisASCE 7-22nonlinear analysis27 February 2010 Chile earthquake |
| spellingShingle | Darko Otey Juan Carlos Vielma Patricio Winckler Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line Analysis Journal of Marine Science and Engineering tsunami energy grade line analysis ASCE 7-22 nonlinear analysis 27 February 2010 Chile earthquake |
| title | Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line Analysis |
| title_full | Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line Analysis |
| title_short | Structural Failure Modes of Single-Story Timber Houses Under Tsunami Loads Using ASCE 7’S Energy Grade Line Analysis |
| title_sort | structural failure modes of single story timber houses under tsunami loads using asce 7 s energy grade line analysis |
| topic | tsunami energy grade line analysis ASCE 7-22 nonlinear analysis 27 February 2010 Chile earthquake |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/3/484 |
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