Establishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making

Abstract As an advanced extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs) serve as powerful methods for managing uncertainties in complicated problem-solving contexts. When working with Fermatean fuzzy information, distance measures are fundamental in measuring the differenc...

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Main Authors: Yuhan Li, Sijia Zhu, Juan Liao, Xue Han, Zhe Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Discover Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-07042-w
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author Yuhan Li
Sijia Zhu
Juan Liao
Xue Han
Zhe Liu
author_facet Yuhan Li
Sijia Zhu
Juan Liao
Xue Han
Zhe Liu
author_sort Yuhan Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract As an advanced extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs) serve as powerful methods for managing uncertainties in complicated problem-solving contexts. When working with Fermatean fuzzy information, distance measures are fundamental in measuring the differences between two FFSs. These measures are essential to accurately assess and compare the variations in fuzzy data. However, accurately measuring the distance between two FFSs is still challenging and requires further exploration. We propose two novel distance measures for FFSs. Moreover, we demonstrate that the proposed distance measures meet the necessary axiomatic conditions. Afterwards, we present numerical examples to highlight the superiority of the proposed measures compared to those already available. Finally, we apply the proposed distance measures to pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems. Experimental results show that the proposed measures improve classification performance and decision-making efficiency. Specifically, they enhance pattern recognition in autonomous driving systems and improve strategic investment decision-making in sustainable transportation.
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institution Kabale University
issn 3004-9261
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Springer
record_format Article
series Discover Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-26e2837da975413c88df078705d3011d2025-08-20T03:48:18ZengSpringerDiscover Applied Sciences3004-92612025-05-017612010.1007/s42452-025-07042-wEstablishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-makingYuhan Li0Sijia Zhu1Juan Liao2Xue Han3Zhe Liu4Cw Chu College, Jiangsu Normal UniversityCw Chu College, Jiangsu Normal UniversitySchool of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaSchool of Management, Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologySchool of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaAbstract As an advanced extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs) serve as powerful methods for managing uncertainties in complicated problem-solving contexts. When working with Fermatean fuzzy information, distance measures are fundamental in measuring the differences between two FFSs. These measures are essential to accurately assess and compare the variations in fuzzy data. However, accurately measuring the distance between two FFSs is still challenging and requires further exploration. We propose two novel distance measures for FFSs. Moreover, we demonstrate that the proposed distance measures meet the necessary axiomatic conditions. Afterwards, we present numerical examples to highlight the superiority of the proposed measures compared to those already available. Finally, we apply the proposed distance measures to pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems. Experimental results show that the proposed measures improve classification performance and decision-making efficiency. Specifically, they enhance pattern recognition in autonomous driving systems and improve strategic investment decision-making in sustainable transportation.https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-07042-wFermatean fuzzy setsDistance measurePattern classificationMulti-attribute decision-making
spellingShingle Yuhan Li
Sijia Zhu
Juan Liao
Xue Han
Zhe Liu
Establishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making
Discover Applied Sciences
Fermatean fuzzy sets
Distance measure
Pattern classification
Multi-attribute decision-making
title Establishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making
title_full Establishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making
title_fullStr Establishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making
title_full_unstemmed Establishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making
title_short Establishment of distance measures on Fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi-attribute decision-making
title_sort establishment of distance measures on fermatean fuzzy sets and their applications in pattern classification and multi attribute decision making
topic Fermatean fuzzy sets
Distance measure
Pattern classification
Multi-attribute decision-making
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-07042-w
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