In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content
Magnesium alloys present a compelling prospect for absorbable implant materials in orthopedic and trauma surgery. This study evaluates an ultra-high purity, lean magnesium–calcium alloy (X0), both with and without plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface modification, in comparison to a clinicall...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Bioactive Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24004390 |
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| author | L. Berger S. Dolert T. Akhmetshina J.-P. Burkhard M. Tegelkamp A.M. Rich W. Rubin S. Darwiche G. Kuhn R.E. Schäublin B. von Rechenberg B. Schaller K.M. Nuss J.F. Löffler |
| author_facet | L. Berger S. Dolert T. Akhmetshina J.-P. Burkhard M. Tegelkamp A.M. Rich W. Rubin S. Darwiche G. Kuhn R.E. Schäublin B. von Rechenberg B. Schaller K.M. Nuss J.F. Löffler |
| author_sort | L. Berger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Magnesium alloys present a compelling prospect for absorbable implant materials in orthopedic and trauma surgery. This study evaluates an ultra-high purity, lean magnesium–calcium alloy (X0), both with and without plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface modification, in comparison to a clinically utilized WE43 magnesium alloy. It is shown that the mechanical properties of X0 can be tuned to yield a high-strength material suitable for bone screws (with an ultimate tensile strength of 336 MPa) or a ductile material appropriate for intraoperatively deformable plates (with an elongation at fracture of 24 %). Four plate-screw combinations were implanted onto the pelvic bones of six sheep without osteotomy for 8 weeks. Subsequent analysis utilized histology, micro-computed tomography, and light and electron microscopy. All implants exhibited signs of degradation and hydrogen-gas evolution, with PEO-coated X0 implants demonstrating the least volume loss and the most substantial new-bone formation on the implant surface and surrounding cancellous bone. Furthermore, the osteoconductive properties of the X0 implants, when uncoated, exceeded those of the uncoated WE43 implants, as evidenced by greater new-bone formation on the surface. This osteoconductivity was amplified with PEO surface modification, which mitigated gas evolution and enhanced osseointegration, encouraging bone apposition in the cancellous bone vicinity. These findings thus indicate that PEO-coated X0 implants hold substantial promise as a biocompatible and absorbable implant material. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-26d0cfca2b1543cc95e52e60aaeba9c4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2452-199X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioactive Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-26d0cfca2b1543cc95e52e60aaeba9c42024-12-14T06:31:39ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Bioactive Materials2452-199X2025-02-0144501515In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying contentL. Berger0S. Dolert1T. Akhmetshina2J.-P. Burkhard3M. Tegelkamp4A.M. Rich5W. Rubin6S. Darwiche7G. Kuhn8R.E. Schäublin9B. von Rechenberg10B. Schaller11K.M. Nuss12J.F. Löffler13Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Corresponding author.Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandMusculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandMusculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandInstitute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandMusculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandMusculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Corresponding author.Magnesium alloys present a compelling prospect for absorbable implant materials in orthopedic and trauma surgery. This study evaluates an ultra-high purity, lean magnesium–calcium alloy (X0), both with and without plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface modification, in comparison to a clinically utilized WE43 magnesium alloy. It is shown that the mechanical properties of X0 can be tuned to yield a high-strength material suitable for bone screws (with an ultimate tensile strength of 336 MPa) or a ductile material appropriate for intraoperatively deformable plates (with an elongation at fracture of 24 %). Four plate-screw combinations were implanted onto the pelvic bones of six sheep without osteotomy for 8 weeks. Subsequent analysis utilized histology, micro-computed tomography, and light and electron microscopy. All implants exhibited signs of degradation and hydrogen-gas evolution, with PEO-coated X0 implants demonstrating the least volume loss and the most substantial new-bone formation on the implant surface and surrounding cancellous bone. Furthermore, the osteoconductive properties of the X0 implants, when uncoated, exceeded those of the uncoated WE43 implants, as evidenced by greater new-bone formation on the surface. This osteoconductivity was amplified with PEO surface modification, which mitigated gas evolution and enhanced osseointegration, encouraging bone apposition in the cancellous bone vicinity. These findings thus indicate that PEO-coated X0 implants hold substantial promise as a biocompatible and absorbable implant material.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24004390Magnesium–calcium alloysAbsorbable implantsPlasma electrolytic oxidationUltra-high pure magnesiumWE43 |
| spellingShingle | L. Berger S. Dolert T. Akhmetshina J.-P. Burkhard M. Tegelkamp A.M. Rich W. Rubin S. Darwiche G. Kuhn R.E. Schäublin B. von Rechenberg B. Schaller K.M. Nuss J.F. Löffler In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content Bioactive Materials Magnesium–calcium alloys Absorbable implants Plasma electrolytic oxidation Ultra-high pure magnesium WE43 |
| title | In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content |
| title_full | In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content |
| title_fullStr | In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content |
| title_full_unstemmed | In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content |
| title_short | In vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg–Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content |
| title_sort | in vivo performance of lean bioabsorbable mg ca alloy x0 and comparison to we43 influence of surface modification and alloying content |
| topic | Magnesium–calcium alloys Absorbable implants Plasma electrolytic oxidation Ultra-high pure magnesium WE43 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24004390 |
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