Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative review

Healthcare-associated infections remain a major concern, with vascular access devices contributing substantially to infection risk. Effective skin disinfection is essential for preventing catheter-related infections (CRIs). This narrative review compares the efficacy and safety of chlorhexidine gluc...

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Main Authors: Bertrand Drugeon, Claire M. Rickard, Jessica A. Schults, Jérémy Guenezan, Olivier Mimoz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Journal of Infection and Public Health
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412500200X
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author Bertrand Drugeon
Claire M. Rickard
Jessica A. Schults
Jérémy Guenezan
Olivier Mimoz
author_facet Bertrand Drugeon
Claire M. Rickard
Jessica A. Schults
Jérémy Guenezan
Olivier Mimoz
author_sort Bertrand Drugeon
collection DOAJ
description Healthcare-associated infections remain a major concern, with vascular access devices contributing substantially to infection risk. Effective skin disinfection is essential for preventing catheter-related infections (CRIs). This narrative review compares the efficacy and safety of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and povidone-iodine (PVI), while also addressing often-underexamined factors such as product availability, application techniques, antimicrobial resistance and environmental impact. Evidence supports the use of 2 % CHG in 70 % isopropyl alcohol as the most effective strategy to reduce CRIs, although PVI remains an alternative in patients with CHG intolerance or in low-resource settings. Environmental analyses highlight the higher persistence and potential ecological risk of CHG compared with PVI. Despite widespread guidelines, significant discrepancies persist in recommended concentrations, application methods, and target populations. Based on literature synthesis, we propose standardising the use of 2 % CHG-IPA where feasible, developing tailored recommendations for high-risk groups, and incorporating environmental and economic considerations into future infection prevention strategies.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1876-0341
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publishDate 2025-09-01
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series Journal of Infection and Public Health
spelling doaj-art-26551c39efbb4b2c8dfae1dda79903b02025-08-20T03:42:03ZengElsevierJournal of Infection and Public Health1876-03412025-09-0118910285110.1016/j.jiph.2025.102851Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative reviewBertrand Drugeon0Claire M. Rickard1Jessica A. Schults2Jérémy Guenezan3Olivier Mimoz4CHU de Poitiers, Service des Urgences Adultes – SAS 86 - SAMU, Poitiers, France; INSERM, U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work and Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Université de Poitiers, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; Corresponding author at: Service des urgences adultes et SAS 86 / SMUR, CHU de Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France.Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work and Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute, Metro North Health, Brisbane, AustraliaAlliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work and Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute, Metro North Health, Brisbane, AustraliaCHU de Poitiers, Service des Urgences Adultes – SAS 86 - SAMU, Poitiers, France; INSERM, U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Poitiers, FranceCHU de Poitiers, Service des Urgences Adultes – SAS 86 - SAMU, Poitiers, France; INSERM, U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia; Université de Poitiers, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Poitiers, FranceHealthcare-associated infections remain a major concern, with vascular access devices contributing substantially to infection risk. Effective skin disinfection is essential for preventing catheter-related infections (CRIs). This narrative review compares the efficacy and safety of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and povidone-iodine (PVI), while also addressing often-underexamined factors such as product availability, application techniques, antimicrobial resistance and environmental impact. Evidence supports the use of 2 % CHG in 70 % isopropyl alcohol as the most effective strategy to reduce CRIs, although PVI remains an alternative in patients with CHG intolerance or in low-resource settings. Environmental analyses highlight the higher persistence and potential ecological risk of CHG compared with PVI. Despite widespread guidelines, significant discrepancies persist in recommended concentrations, application methods, and target populations. Based on literature synthesis, we propose standardising the use of 2 % CHG-IPA where feasible, developing tailored recommendations for high-risk groups, and incorporating environmental and economic considerations into future infection prevention strategies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412500200XSkin disinfectionChlorhexidinePovidone IodineVascular access
spellingShingle Bertrand Drugeon
Claire M. Rickard
Jessica A. Schults
Jérémy Guenezan
Olivier Mimoz
Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative review
Journal of Infection and Public Health
Skin disinfection
Chlorhexidine
Povidone Iodine
Vascular access
title Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative review
title_full Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative review
title_fullStr Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative review
title_full_unstemmed Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative review
title_short Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine: Unmasking the unknown in catheter-related infection prevention, a narrative review
title_sort chlorhexidine and povidone iodine unmasking the unknown in catheter related infection prevention a narrative review
topic Skin disinfection
Chlorhexidine
Povidone Iodine
Vascular access
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412500200X
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