Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction Material

The abundant coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) offers an appealing alternative to meet the increasing demand for wood panels, providing both functional and aesthetic benefits. However, the sclerenchymatous vascular bundle of coconut wood poses challenges for rotary peeling, and the high capital and o...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shamil Haque Kizhakkethodi Mansoor, Vishnu Raju, Anish Mavila Chathoth, Shibu Comath, Adiyodi Venugopal Santhoshkumar, Sreejith Babu, Pavin Praize Sunny, Arjun Memuttathu Sajeevan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: North Carolina State University 2025-08-01
Series:BioResources
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24835
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849232812971917312
author Shamil Haque Kizhakkethodi Mansoor
Vishnu Raju
Anish Mavila Chathoth
Shibu Comath
Adiyodi Venugopal Santhoshkumar
Sreejith Babu
Pavin Praize Sunny
Arjun Memuttathu Sajeevan
author_facet Shamil Haque Kizhakkethodi Mansoor
Vishnu Raju
Anish Mavila Chathoth
Shibu Comath
Adiyodi Venugopal Santhoshkumar
Sreejith Babu
Pavin Praize Sunny
Arjun Memuttathu Sajeevan
author_sort Shamil Haque Kizhakkethodi Mansoor
collection DOAJ
description The abundant coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) offers an appealing alternative to meet the increasing demand for wood panels, providing both functional and aesthetic benefits. However, the sclerenchymatous vascular bundle of coconut wood poses challenges for rotary peeling, and the high capital and operational costs associated with palm wood limit its practical use. Consequently, this preliminary study aimed to develop pure and hybrid coconut-sawn veneer composites (using Macaranga peltata). Veneers were bonded with phenol-formaldehyde resin in crossband orientation and hot-pressed (40 kg/cm², 135 to 140 °C, 15 min). Four types of 3-layer composites were produced: Pure medium-density coconut composite (Pure-MD), Pure high-density coconut composite (Pure-HD), coconut-Macaranga hybrid medium-density composite (Hybrid-MoD), and coconut-Macaranga hybrid high-density composite (Hybrid-HD). Physico-mechanical tests revealed that Pure-MD and Pure-HD met Indian standards (IS 303:1989), demonstrating good strength and stiffness. In contrast, high-density composites showed reduced glue adhesion. Hybrid-MD satisfied most criteria except bending stress, restricting high-load applications. Hybrid-HD failed in internal bonding and bending, limiting its utility. The study highlights the potential of pure coconut composites under optimized conditions. However, further improvements are needed for high-density and hybrid composites, focusing on adhesive type, surface modification, veneer alignment, and hot-pressing parameters.
format Article
id doaj-art-26153fa83f02439f95bb30a63254f4ae
institution Kabale University
issn 1930-2126
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher North Carolina State University
record_format Article
series BioResources
spelling doaj-art-26153fa83f02439f95bb30a63254f4ae2025-08-20T17:36:15ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21262025-08-01204886388823186Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction MaterialShamil Haque Kizhakkethodi Mansoor0Vishnu Raju1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7501-7160Anish Mavila Chathoth2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4467-1706Shibu Comath3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3059-2361Adiyodi Venugopal Santhoshkumar4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4253-8581Sreejith Babu5https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6047-2856Pavin Praize Sunny6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-2847Arjun Memuttathu Sajeevan7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0808-0565Department of Forest Products and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Forest Products and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Forest Products and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Forest Products and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Forest Products and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Forest Products and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, IndiaThe abundant coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) offers an appealing alternative to meet the increasing demand for wood panels, providing both functional and aesthetic benefits. However, the sclerenchymatous vascular bundle of coconut wood poses challenges for rotary peeling, and the high capital and operational costs associated with palm wood limit its practical use. Consequently, this preliminary study aimed to develop pure and hybrid coconut-sawn veneer composites (using Macaranga peltata). Veneers were bonded with phenol-formaldehyde resin in crossband orientation and hot-pressed (40 kg/cm², 135 to 140 °C, 15 min). Four types of 3-layer composites were produced: Pure medium-density coconut composite (Pure-MD), Pure high-density coconut composite (Pure-HD), coconut-Macaranga hybrid medium-density composite (Hybrid-MoD), and coconut-Macaranga hybrid high-density composite (Hybrid-HD). Physico-mechanical tests revealed that Pure-MD and Pure-HD met Indian standards (IS 303:1989), demonstrating good strength and stiffness. In contrast, high-density composites showed reduced glue adhesion. Hybrid-MD satisfied most criteria except bending stress, restricting high-load applications. Hybrid-HD failed in internal bonding and bending, limiting its utility. The study highlights the potential of pure coconut composites under optimized conditions. However, further improvements are needed for high-density and hybrid composites, focusing on adhesive type, surface modification, veneer alignment, and hot-pressing parameters.https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24835coconut plywoodmedium-density coconut woodhigh-density coconut woodcoconut hybrid composite
spellingShingle Shamil Haque Kizhakkethodi Mansoor
Vishnu Raju
Anish Mavila Chathoth
Shibu Comath
Adiyodi Venugopal Santhoshkumar
Sreejith Babu
Pavin Praize Sunny
Arjun Memuttathu Sajeevan
Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction Material
BioResources
coconut plywood
medium-density coconut wood
high-density coconut wood
coconut hybrid composite
title Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction Material
title_full Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction Material
title_fullStr Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction Material
title_full_unstemmed Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction Material
title_short Performance Evaluation of Coconut Wood Veneer Composite for Sustainable Construction Material
title_sort performance evaluation of coconut wood veneer composite for sustainable construction material
topic coconut plywood
medium-density coconut wood
high-density coconut wood
coconut hybrid composite
url https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24835
work_keys_str_mv AT shamilhaquekizhakkethodimansoor performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial
AT vishnuraju performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial
AT anishmavilachathoth performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial
AT shibucomath performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial
AT adiyodivenugopalsanthoshkumar performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial
AT sreejithbabu performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial
AT pavinpraizesunny performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial
AT arjunmemuttathusajeevan performanceevaluationofcoconutwoodveneercompositeforsustainableconstructionmaterial