Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional study

Abstract. Introduction:. Chronic noncancer pain affects approximately one-fourth in population-based studies calling for more nuanced insights by applying the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised (GCPS-R) framework for classifying graded chronic noncancer pain distribution in national disease surveilla...

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Main Authors: Sophie Sell Hellmann, Ola Ekholm, Gitte Handberg, Pernille Lykke Petersen, Geana Paula Kurita, Per Sjøgren, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Henrik Bjarke Vaegter
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer 2025-08-01
Series:PAIN Reports
Online Access:http://journals.lww.com/painrpts/fulltext/10.1097/PR9.0000000000001277
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author Sophie Sell Hellmann
Ola Ekholm
Gitte Handberg
Pernille Lykke Petersen
Geana Paula Kurita
Per Sjøgren
Lau Caspar Thygesen
Henrik Bjarke Vaegter
author_facet Sophie Sell Hellmann
Ola Ekholm
Gitte Handberg
Pernille Lykke Petersen
Geana Paula Kurita
Per Sjøgren
Lau Caspar Thygesen
Henrik Bjarke Vaegter
author_sort Sophie Sell Hellmann
collection DOAJ
description Abstract. Introduction:. Chronic noncancer pain affects approximately one-fourth in population-based studies calling for more nuanced insights by applying the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised (GCPS-R) framework for classifying graded chronic noncancer pain distribution in national disease surveillance. Objectives: The GCPS-R framework was included in the comprehensive questionnaire repeatedly used in the Danish National Health and Morbidity Surveillance program to provide more distinct measures for chronic non-malignant pain disease manifestation in Denmark. Methods:. A cross-sectional study inviting randomly 25,000 adults 16 years and older to self-report questionnaires comprising the GCPS-R framework as part of the nationwide Danish National Health Survey 2023. Prevalences (%) and multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) by ordinal logistic regression were calculated for GCPS-R by sex, area of living, age, country of origin, socioeconomic factors, body mass index, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Results:. The prevalence of chronic noncancer pain was overall 28.1% (95% CI 27.2%–29.0%) in 8,643 included individuals without cancer diagnosis counting 7.4% (6.9%–8.0%) with mild-impact, 7.1% (6.6%–7.6%) with bothersome-impact, and 13.6% (12.9%–14.4%) with high-impact chronic noncancer pain. Women had 66% (odds ratio (OR) 1.66; 95% CI 1.50–1.84) elevated odds of more severely graded chronic noncancer pain referenced to men. Socioeconomic factors influenced odds inversely. Body mass index was related to GCPS-R by dose-response effects of more than doubled elevated odds in World Health Organization obese class II (2.42; 1.92–3.06) and obese class III (4.43; 3.30–5.93) referenced to normal body mass index individuals. Comorbidity elevated odds of more severely graded chronic noncancer pain by 86% (1.86; 1.57–2.19) referenced to individuals without comorbidity. Conclusions:. More than one-quarter individuals reported chronic noncancer pain characterized particularly by high-impact graded chronic noncancer pain when applying the GCPS-R framework for classifying graded chronic noncancer pain distribution in national disease surveillance for rational health care administration.
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spelling doaj-art-25fd82e1bd034e90a6f6bdb0014472612025-08-20T02:37:38ZengWolters KluwerPAIN Reports2471-25312025-08-01104e127710.1097/PR9.0000000000001277PR90000000000001277Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional studySophie Sell Hellmann0Ola Ekholm1Gitte Handberg2Pernille Lykke Petersen3Geana Paula Kurita4Per Sjøgren5Lau Caspar Thygesen6Henrik Bjarke Vaegter7a National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmarka National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmarkb Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmarkb Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmarkc Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmarke Section of Palliative Medicine, Department of Oncology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmarka National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmarkf Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkAbstract. Introduction:. Chronic noncancer pain affects approximately one-fourth in population-based studies calling for more nuanced insights by applying the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised (GCPS-R) framework for classifying graded chronic noncancer pain distribution in national disease surveillance. Objectives: The GCPS-R framework was included in the comprehensive questionnaire repeatedly used in the Danish National Health and Morbidity Surveillance program to provide more distinct measures for chronic non-malignant pain disease manifestation in Denmark. Methods:. A cross-sectional study inviting randomly 25,000 adults 16 years and older to self-report questionnaires comprising the GCPS-R framework as part of the nationwide Danish National Health Survey 2023. Prevalences (%) and multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) by ordinal logistic regression were calculated for GCPS-R by sex, area of living, age, country of origin, socioeconomic factors, body mass index, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Results:. The prevalence of chronic noncancer pain was overall 28.1% (95% CI 27.2%–29.0%) in 8,643 included individuals without cancer diagnosis counting 7.4% (6.9%–8.0%) with mild-impact, 7.1% (6.6%–7.6%) with bothersome-impact, and 13.6% (12.9%–14.4%) with high-impact chronic noncancer pain. Women had 66% (odds ratio (OR) 1.66; 95% CI 1.50–1.84) elevated odds of more severely graded chronic noncancer pain referenced to men. Socioeconomic factors influenced odds inversely. Body mass index was related to GCPS-R by dose-response effects of more than doubled elevated odds in World Health Organization obese class II (2.42; 1.92–3.06) and obese class III (4.43; 3.30–5.93) referenced to normal body mass index individuals. Comorbidity elevated odds of more severely graded chronic noncancer pain by 86% (1.86; 1.57–2.19) referenced to individuals without comorbidity. Conclusions:. More than one-quarter individuals reported chronic noncancer pain characterized particularly by high-impact graded chronic noncancer pain when applying the GCPS-R framework for classifying graded chronic noncancer pain distribution in national disease surveillance for rational health care administration.http://journals.lww.com/painrpts/fulltext/10.1097/PR9.0000000000001277
spellingShingle Sophie Sell Hellmann
Ola Ekholm
Gitte Handberg
Pernille Lykke Petersen
Geana Paula Kurita
Per Sjøgren
Lau Caspar Thygesen
Henrik Bjarke Vaegter
Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional study
PAIN Reports
title Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional study
title_full Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional study
title_short Graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised framework: a cross-sectional study
title_sort graded chronic noncancer pain distribution using the graded chronic pain scale revised framework a cross sectional study
url http://journals.lww.com/painrpts/fulltext/10.1097/PR9.0000000000001277
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