Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault Diagnosis

Motor current analysis is useful for ensuring the safety and reliability of electromechanical systems. However, for gearboxes, the commonly used methods of detecting faulty frequency sidebands are easily disturbed by installation errors, inherent harmonics, and fundamental frequency with high amplit...

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Main Authors: Shiyi Chai, Kai Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Machines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/3/223
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author Shiyi Chai
Kai Xu
author_facet Shiyi Chai
Kai Xu
author_sort Shiyi Chai
collection DOAJ
description Motor current analysis is useful for ensuring the safety and reliability of electromechanical systems. However, for gearboxes, the commonly used methods of detecting faulty frequency sidebands are easily disturbed by installation errors, inherent harmonics, and fundamental frequency with high amplitude. Aiming at this problem, this study presents instantaneous frequency polarview (IFpolarview), which diagnoses faults based on motor angle and motor current frequency modulation (FM) features. Firstly, to address the problem of the limited analysis order of higher-order synchrosqueezing transform (HSST), the higher-order multisynchrosqueezing transform (HMSST) is introduced to improve the instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation accuracy and reveal the transient fault features from the motor current without further increasing the order and algorithm difficulty. Then, based on the motor angle and accurate motor current IF extracted from HMSST, the IFpolarview is proposed to visualize gear faults through detecting the FM of motor current synchronized with the faulty gear mesh. In the simulation, the IF estimation error of HMSST is 2.51%, which is smaller than other methods. The experimental results show that the HMSST has the smallest Rényi entropy value of 9.13, implying that the most aggregated time–frequency representation (TFR) of the energy is obtained. HMSST can enhance the resolution of fault characteristics, and IFpolarview concentrates the abnormal IF fluctuations with periodicity into a small angular interval, which highlights the fault features and demonstrates greater intuitiveness and reliability in comparison to the frequency sideband detection method.
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spelling doaj-art-25a3d79e37f741888353fbf3f33a32f42025-08-20T01:48:48ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022025-03-0113322310.3390/machines13030223Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault DiagnosisShiyi Chai0Kai Xu1Faculty of Locomotive and Rolling Stock, Kunming Railway Vocational Technical College, Kunming 650208, ChinaFaculty of Civil Aviation and Aeronautics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaMotor current analysis is useful for ensuring the safety and reliability of electromechanical systems. However, for gearboxes, the commonly used methods of detecting faulty frequency sidebands are easily disturbed by installation errors, inherent harmonics, and fundamental frequency with high amplitude. Aiming at this problem, this study presents instantaneous frequency polarview (IFpolarview), which diagnoses faults based on motor angle and motor current frequency modulation (FM) features. Firstly, to address the problem of the limited analysis order of higher-order synchrosqueezing transform (HSST), the higher-order multisynchrosqueezing transform (HMSST) is introduced to improve the instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation accuracy and reveal the transient fault features from the motor current without further increasing the order and algorithm difficulty. Then, based on the motor angle and accurate motor current IF extracted from HMSST, the IFpolarview is proposed to visualize gear faults through detecting the FM of motor current synchronized with the faulty gear mesh. In the simulation, the IF estimation error of HMSST is 2.51%, which is smaller than other methods. The experimental results show that the HMSST has the smallest Rényi entropy value of 9.13, implying that the most aggregated time–frequency representation (TFR) of the energy is obtained. HMSST can enhance the resolution of fault characteristics, and IFpolarview concentrates the abnormal IF fluctuations with periodicity into a small angular interval, which highlights the fault features and demonstrates greater intuitiveness and reliability in comparison to the frequency sideband detection method.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/3/223servo control systemRV gearboxhigher-order multisynchrosqueezing transformIFpolarview
spellingShingle Shiyi Chai
Kai Xu
Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
Machines
servo control system
RV gearbox
higher-order multisynchrosqueezing transform
IFpolarview
title Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
title_full Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
title_fullStr Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
title_full_unstemmed Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
title_short Instantaneous Frequency Analysis Based on High-Order Multisynchrosqueezing Transform on Motor Current and Application to RV Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
title_sort instantaneous frequency analysis based on high order multisynchrosqueezing transform on motor current and application to rv gearbox fault diagnosis
topic servo control system
RV gearbox
higher-order multisynchrosqueezing transform
IFpolarview
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/3/223
work_keys_str_mv AT shiyichai instantaneousfrequencyanalysisbasedonhighordermultisynchrosqueezingtransformonmotorcurrentandapplicationtorvgearboxfaultdiagnosis
AT kaixu instantaneousfrequencyanalysisbasedonhighordermultisynchrosqueezingtransformonmotorcurrentandapplicationtorvgearboxfaultdiagnosis