Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot Study
We investigated whether the maximum residual levels of trimethoprim permitted in food (Acceptable Daily Intake—ADI) could select for de novo trimethoprim resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> in vivo. We designed chronic infection models of <i>E. coli</i> in <i>Galleria...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Jaime Knox Macleod Zina Gestels Said Abdellati Thibaut Vanbaelen Chris Kenyon Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil |
| author_facet | Jaime Knox Macleod Zina Gestels Said Abdellati Thibaut Vanbaelen Chris Kenyon Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil |
| author_sort | Jaime Knox Macleod |
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| description | We investigated whether the maximum residual levels of trimethoprim permitted in food (Acceptable Daily Intake—ADI) could select for de novo trimethoprim resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> in vivo. We designed chronic infection models of <i>E. coli</i> in <i>Galleria mellonella</i> and exposed them to sub-ADI doses of trimethoprim through a single-dosing regimen. The emergence of trimethoprim resistance was determined by isolating the target bacteria on selective agar plates, followed by species confirmation using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed via the E-test to determine <i>E. coli</i> susceptibility to trimethoprim. Notably, exposure to as low as one-tenth of the ADI dose through a single-dosing regimen resulted in the selection of trimethoprim-resistant <i>E. coli</i>. Our findings indicate that trimethoprim doses ten-fold lower than the established ADI threshold could induce resistance to trimethoprim in <i>E. coli</i>. These results highlight the importance of considering antimicrobial resistance induction as a key factor when determining ADI levels in food. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-259f13e7c0464921b53975a7022d9ed7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-259f13e7c0464921b53975a7022d9ed72025-01-24T13:42:15ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-12-01131310.3390/microorganisms13010003Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot StudyJaime Knox Macleod0Zina Gestels1Said Abdellati2Thibaut Vanbaelen3Chris Kenyon4Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil5STI Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, BelgiumSTI Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, BelgiumSTI Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, BelgiumSTI Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, BelgiumSTI Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, BelgiumSTI Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, BelgiumWe investigated whether the maximum residual levels of trimethoprim permitted in food (Acceptable Daily Intake—ADI) could select for de novo trimethoprim resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> in vivo. We designed chronic infection models of <i>E. coli</i> in <i>Galleria mellonella</i> and exposed them to sub-ADI doses of trimethoprim through a single-dosing regimen. The emergence of trimethoprim resistance was determined by isolating the target bacteria on selective agar plates, followed by species confirmation using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed via the E-test to determine <i>E. coli</i> susceptibility to trimethoprim. Notably, exposure to as low as one-tenth of the ADI dose through a single-dosing regimen resulted in the selection of trimethoprim-resistant <i>E. coli</i>. Our findings indicate that trimethoprim doses ten-fold lower than the established ADI threshold could induce resistance to trimethoprim in <i>E. coli</i>. These results highlight the importance of considering antimicrobial resistance induction as a key factor when determining ADI levels in food.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/3<i>Escherichia coli</i>antimicrobial consumptionAMRresistancetrimethoprimminimum selection concentration |
| spellingShingle | Jaime Knox Macleod Zina Gestels Said Abdellati Thibaut Vanbaelen Chris Kenyon Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot Study Microorganisms <i>Escherichia coli</i> antimicrobial consumption AMR resistance trimethoprim minimum selection concentration |
| title | Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using <i>Galleria mellonella:</i> A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | determination of the de novo minimum selection concentration of trimethoprim in vivo for i escherichia coli i using i galleria mellonella i a pilot study |
| topic | <i>Escherichia coli</i> antimicrobial consumption AMR resistance trimethoprim minimum selection concentration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/3 |
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