Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons
Optical solitons classically are stationary solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We perform a quantum field theoretic treatment by quantising a linearised fluctuation field around the classical soliton solution which can be seen as providing a background spacetime for the field. The line...
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IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad9f96 |
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| author | Sang-Shin Baak Friedrich König |
| author_facet | Sang-Shin Baak Friedrich König |
| author_sort | Sang-Shin Baak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optical solitons classically are stationary solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We perform a quantum field theoretic treatment by quantising a linearised fluctuation field around the classical soliton solution which can be seen as providing a background spacetime for the field. The linearised fluctuation modifies the soliton background, which is often neglected, reminiscent of the nondepleted-pump approximation. Going beyond this approximation and by using a number-conserving Bogoliubov approach, we find unstable modes that grow as the soliton propagates. Eventually, these unstable modes induce a considerable (backreaction) effect in the soliton. We calculate the backreaction in the classical field fully analytically in the leading second order. The result is a quadratic local decrease of the soliton photon number in propagation due to the backreaction effect of the unstable mode. Provided the initial pulse is close to the classical soliton solution, the unstable mode contributions always become dominant. We also consider practical scenarios for observing this quantum-induced soliton distortion, in the spectral domain. The backreaction, which we expect to be present in bright and dark, discrete and continuous solitons and other nonlinear pulses plays an important role in future optical analogue gravity experiments, for soliton lasers, and optical communications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2578bd544a4a494c9a0edcc8f2c908f0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-2578bd544a4a494c9a0edcc8f2c908f02025-01-20T11:57:55ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302025-01-0127101500110.1088/1367-2630/ad9f96Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitonsSang-Shin Baak0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-2724Friedrich König1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-2058School of Physics and Astronomy, SUPA, University of St. Andrews ,North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom; Seoul National University , Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Theoretical Physics,Seoul 08826, KoreaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, SUPA, University of St. Andrews ,North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, United KingdomOptical solitons classically are stationary solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We perform a quantum field theoretic treatment by quantising a linearised fluctuation field around the classical soliton solution which can be seen as providing a background spacetime for the field. The linearised fluctuation modifies the soliton background, which is often neglected, reminiscent of the nondepleted-pump approximation. Going beyond this approximation and by using a number-conserving Bogoliubov approach, we find unstable modes that grow as the soliton propagates. Eventually, these unstable modes induce a considerable (backreaction) effect in the soliton. We calculate the backreaction in the classical field fully analytically in the leading second order. The result is a quadratic local decrease of the soliton photon number in propagation due to the backreaction effect of the unstable mode. Provided the initial pulse is close to the classical soliton solution, the unstable mode contributions always become dominant. We also consider practical scenarios for observing this quantum-induced soliton distortion, in the spectral domain. The backreaction, which we expect to be present in bright and dark, discrete and continuous solitons and other nonlinear pulses plays an important role in future optical analogue gravity experiments, for soliton lasers, and optical communications.https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad9f96Nonlinear Schrödinger equationbackreactionoptical soliton |
| spellingShingle | Sang-Shin Baak Friedrich König Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons New Journal of Physics Nonlinear Schrödinger equation backreaction optical soliton |
| title | Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons |
| title_full | Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons |
| title_fullStr | Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons |
| title_short | Quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons |
| title_sort | quantum backreaction effect in optical solitons |
| topic | Nonlinear Schrödinger equation backreaction optical soliton |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad9f96 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sangshinbaak quantumbackreactioneffectinopticalsolitons AT friedrichkonig quantumbackreactioneffectinopticalsolitons |