Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota
A 60-days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate low dietary protein diets on the growth, antioxidant status, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota of grass carp fingerlings (28.07 ± 0.12) g. Following the experimental period, final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate in...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-10-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425004302 |
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| author | Jinjuan Wan Xiaoyan Xu Junjie Shao Qichen Jiang Xiaolong Gu Aijun Xia Jiale Li |
| author_facet | Jinjuan Wan Xiaoyan Xu Junjie Shao Qichen Jiang Xiaolong Gu Aijun Xia Jiale Li |
| author_sort | Jinjuan Wan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A 60-days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate low dietary protein diets on the growth, antioxidant status, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota of grass carp fingerlings (28.07 ± 0.12) g. Following the experimental period, final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate in the P30 and P35 groups were observed to be significantly higher than P20 and P25, while feed conversion rate was lower (P < 0.05). Whole-body and hepatic crude lipid, as well as serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were down-regulated with higher protein. In addition, the P20 group suppressed the activity of intestinal lipase and serum high-density lipoprotein, while enhanced the serum low-density lipoprotein and aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05). Further, the P20 group had poorer antioxidant capacity, whereas increasing protein also up-regulated intestinal barrier function with the higher expression of intestine tight junction protein (claudin-b) and lower serum LPS content, and inhibited intestinal inflammation with the lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (il-8, il-1β) and higher expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (tgf-β1) (P < 0.05). The intestinal microbiome results demonstrated that compared with the P20 group, the P35 group significantly increased the α-diversity, the abundance of Fusobacteriota, Cetobacterium, Enterobacter, Dielma, Epulopiscium, and Defluviicoccus, ameliorated the structure and metabolic systems of intestinal microbiome. In summary, low protein diets (P20 and P25) adversely affected the growth and feed efficiency of grass carp fingerlings. Notably, P20 could induce hepatic lipid accumulation and further trigger oxidative stress, leading to intestinal barrier injury and inflammatory response, which were resulted in microbiome disorder. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-25350ecbbf95446298927cf8a0591fb1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2352-5134 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-25350ecbbf95446298927cf8a0591fb12025-08-20T04:01:03ZengElsevierAquaculture Reports2352-51342025-10-014410304410.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103044Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiotaJinjuan Wan0Xiaoyan Xu1Junjie Shao2Qichen Jiang3Xiaolong Gu4Aijun Xia5Jiale Li6Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaKey Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaFreshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaFreshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaFreshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaFreshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China; Correspondence to: Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, 79 Chating East Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210017, China.Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Correspondence to: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Loop-road, Shanghai 201306, China.A 60-days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate low dietary protein diets on the growth, antioxidant status, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota of grass carp fingerlings (28.07 ± 0.12) g. Following the experimental period, final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate in the P30 and P35 groups were observed to be significantly higher than P20 and P25, while feed conversion rate was lower (P < 0.05). Whole-body and hepatic crude lipid, as well as serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were down-regulated with higher protein. In addition, the P20 group suppressed the activity of intestinal lipase and serum high-density lipoprotein, while enhanced the serum low-density lipoprotein and aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05). Further, the P20 group had poorer antioxidant capacity, whereas increasing protein also up-regulated intestinal barrier function with the higher expression of intestine tight junction protein (claudin-b) and lower serum LPS content, and inhibited intestinal inflammation with the lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (il-8, il-1β) and higher expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (tgf-β1) (P < 0.05). The intestinal microbiome results demonstrated that compared with the P20 group, the P35 group significantly increased the α-diversity, the abundance of Fusobacteriota, Cetobacterium, Enterobacter, Dielma, Epulopiscium, and Defluviicoccus, ameliorated the structure and metabolic systems of intestinal microbiome. In summary, low protein diets (P20 and P25) adversely affected the growth and feed efficiency of grass carp fingerlings. Notably, P20 could induce hepatic lipid accumulation and further trigger oxidative stress, leading to intestinal barrier injury and inflammatory response, which were resulted in microbiome disorder.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425004302Ctenopharyngodon idella fingerlingsDietary proteinGrowth performanceAntioxidant capacityLiver and intestine healthMicrobiota |
| spellingShingle | Jinjuan Wan Xiaoyan Xu Junjie Shao Qichen Jiang Xiaolong Gu Aijun Xia Jiale Li Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota Aquaculture Reports Ctenopharyngodon idella fingerlings Dietary protein Growth performance Antioxidant capacity Liver and intestine health Microbiota |
| title | Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota |
| title_full | Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota |
| title_short | Integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings: Growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic and intestinal function, and gut microbiota |
| title_sort | integrative unveiling of the effects of low dietary protein levels on grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella fingerlings growth performance antioxidant capacity hepatic and intestinal function and gut microbiota |
| topic | Ctenopharyngodon idella fingerlings Dietary protein Growth performance Antioxidant capacity Liver and intestine health Microbiota |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425004302 |
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