High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologies
This paper introduces a novel Vivaldi Tapered Slot Antenna (VTSA) designed for wearable Ultra-Wideband (UWB) applications, utilizing a cost-effective FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm. The proposed design achieves an 18.81 % size reduction (38.3 mm × 27.06 mm × 0.8 mm), a 36.16 % bandwidth (B...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025003160 |
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| author | Sahar Saleh Tale Saeidi Nick Timmons Bader Alali Faroq Razzaz Ayman A. Althuwayb |
| author_facet | Sahar Saleh Tale Saeidi Nick Timmons Bader Alali Faroq Razzaz Ayman A. Althuwayb |
| author_sort | Sahar Saleh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper introduces a novel Vivaldi Tapered Slot Antenna (VTSA) designed for wearable Ultra-Wideband (UWB) applications, utilizing a cost-effective FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm. The proposed design achieves an 18.81 % size reduction (38.3 mm × 27.06 mm × 0.8 mm), a 36.16 % bandwidth (BW) increase, and a 16.63 % gain improvement compared to a VTSA using a Rogers RO4003C substrate (42.9 mm × 28.28 mm × 0.813 mm). The key contributions of this work include the effective use of the affordable FR4 substrate to achieve high performance, improvements in antenna compactness and BW through innovative slot designs, and the enhancement of gain and radiation pattern stability through the addition of directors to the slots. These modifications significantly boost the antenna's performance while maintaining a compact design. The antenna's suitability for wearable applications was validated through testing on flat and curved human phantoms made of skin, fat, and muscle, showing low Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values across the UWB spectrum, confirming its safety for body-centric use. Measured results include S11 values below -10.56 dB over the 3.66–20.42 GHz range, a peak gain of 8.1 dBi, stable radiation patterns, and an average group delay of 0.83 ns. Simulations using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) were validated by experimental testing, demonstrating the antenna's potential for wearable and body-centric applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-25271559e59441f98ec1d0b494b05131 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-25271559e59441f98ec1d0b494b051312025-02-05T04:32:37ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-03-0125104230High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologiesSahar Saleh0Tale Saeidi1Nick Timmons2Bader Alali3Faroq Razzaz4Ayman A. Althuwayb5WiSAR Lab, Atlantic Technological University (ATU), Letterkenny, Co. Donegal F92 FC93, Ireland; Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aden University, Aden 5243, Yemen; Corresponding author at: WiSAR Lab, Atlantic Technological University (ATU), Letterkenny, Co. Donegal F92 FC93, Ireland.WiSAR Lab, Atlantic Technological University (ATU), Letterkenny, Co. Donegal F92 FC93, Ireland; Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural, Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34326, TurkeyWiSAR Lab, Atlantic Technological University (ATU), Letterkenny, Co. Donegal F92 FC93, IrelandCenter for Wireless Communications (CWI), Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology, Queens University, Belfast, Northern Ireland Science Park, Queen's Road, Queen's Island, Belfast BT3 9DT, Northern Ireland, UK; Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72388, Saudi ArabiaElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, YemenElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72388, Saudi ArabiaThis paper introduces a novel Vivaldi Tapered Slot Antenna (VTSA) designed for wearable Ultra-Wideband (UWB) applications, utilizing a cost-effective FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm. The proposed design achieves an 18.81 % size reduction (38.3 mm × 27.06 mm × 0.8 mm), a 36.16 % bandwidth (BW) increase, and a 16.63 % gain improvement compared to a VTSA using a Rogers RO4003C substrate (42.9 mm × 28.28 mm × 0.813 mm). The key contributions of this work include the effective use of the affordable FR4 substrate to achieve high performance, improvements in antenna compactness and BW through innovative slot designs, and the enhancement of gain and radiation pattern stability through the addition of directors to the slots. These modifications significantly boost the antenna's performance while maintaining a compact design. The antenna's suitability for wearable applications was validated through testing on flat and curved human phantoms made of skin, fat, and muscle, showing low Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values across the UWB spectrum, confirming its safety for body-centric use. Measured results include S11 values below -10.56 dB over the 3.66–20.42 GHz range, a peak gain of 8.1 dBi, stable radiation patterns, and an average group delay of 0.83 ns. Simulations using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) were validated by experimental testing, demonstrating the antenna's potential for wearable and body-centric applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025003160Ultra-wideband (UWB)Vivaldi tapered slot antenna (VTSA)Microstrip to slot (M/S) transitionsFR4 substrateCompact designLow SAR |
| spellingShingle | Sahar Saleh Tale Saeidi Nick Timmons Bader Alali Faroq Razzaz Ayman A. Althuwayb High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologies Results in Engineering Ultra-wideband (UWB) Vivaldi tapered slot antenna (VTSA) Microstrip to slot (M/S) transitions FR4 substrate Compact design Low SAR |
| title | High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologies |
| title_full | High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologies |
| title_fullStr | High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologies |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologies |
| title_short | High-performance UWB Vivaldi antenna on FR4: A cost-effective solution for wearable technologies |
| title_sort | high performance uwb vivaldi antenna on fr4 a cost effective solution for wearable technologies |
| topic | Ultra-wideband (UWB) Vivaldi tapered slot antenna (VTSA) Microstrip to slot (M/S) transitions FR4 substrate Compact design Low SAR |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025003160 |
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