Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM band

In this paper, three different techniques — Coplanar Waveguide (CPW), Via-less Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG), and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) — are incorporated to enhance the performance of the designed microstrip patch antenna (MPA). The impact of each technique on the antenna is analyzed. Th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yahya Albaihani, Rizwan Akram, Ziyad Almohaimeed, Abdullah Almohaimeed, El Amjed Hajlaoui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Results in Physics
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379725001494
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850260430246641664
author Yahya Albaihani
Rizwan Akram
Ziyad Almohaimeed
Abdullah Almohaimeed
El Amjed Hajlaoui
author_facet Yahya Albaihani
Rizwan Akram
Ziyad Almohaimeed
Abdullah Almohaimeed
El Amjed Hajlaoui
author_sort Yahya Albaihani
collection DOAJ
description In this paper, three different techniques — Coplanar Waveguide (CPW), Via-less Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG), and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) — are incorporated to enhance the performance of the designed microstrip patch antenna (MPA). The impact of each technique on the antenna is analyzed. The radiation characteristics of the main, CPW, EBG, and DGS MPAs have been presented and compared. The results indicate that the main antenna design achieved a return loss (S11) of −28.3 dB, a gain of 6.31 dBi, a directivity of 7.03 dBi, a bandwidth (BW) of 0.17 GHz, a VSWR of 1.08, and an efficiency (η) of 84% at the 5.8 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) Band. While the CPW technique demonstrated an S11 of −41.3 dB, a VSWR of 1.01, a BW of 2.18 GHz, a gain of 4.05 dBi, a directivity of 4.45 dBi, and an (η) of 91%. Furthermore, the EBG technique resulted in an (S11) of −34.16 dB, a gain of 7.24 dBi, a directivity of 7.84 dBi, a BW of 1.43 GHz, a VSWR of 1.05, and an η of 87%. The DGS technique provided an (S11) of −34.73 dB, a gain of 6.61 dBi, a directivity of 7.59 dBi, a bandwidth of 1.07 GHz, a VSWR of 1.03, and an (η) of 80%. Notably, the simulation and measurement values are in close agreement with impedance matching of ∼50Ω and the surface current distribution is quite homogeneous. The substrate’s material is Rogers 04350B with ɛr=3.66, the thickness of 1.6 mm, and a loss tangent of 0.0037. The overall size of the proposed design is 50×50×1.6mm3. The proposed structures have an electrical size of 0.967λo×0.967λo×0.03λo at 5.8 GHz, where λo=27mm. This parametric optimization, combined with the novel integration of techniques, contributes a significant advancement in energy harvesting capabilities, making it the most suitable for wireless energy harvesting systems and biomedical applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-2524bb67c263466ebeacfab92d7d66dc
institution OA Journals
issn 2211-3797
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Results in Physics
spelling doaj-art-2524bb67c263466ebeacfab92d7d66dc2025-08-20T01:55:38ZengElsevierResults in Physics2211-37972025-06-017310825510.1016/j.rinp.2025.108255Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM bandYahya Albaihani0Rizwan Akram1Ziyad Almohaimeed2Abdullah Almohaimeed3El Amjed Hajlaoui4Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Microwave Electronics Research Laboratory, El Manar University, Tunis, 2092, TunisiaIn this paper, three different techniques — Coplanar Waveguide (CPW), Via-less Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG), and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) — are incorporated to enhance the performance of the designed microstrip patch antenna (MPA). The impact of each technique on the antenna is analyzed. The radiation characteristics of the main, CPW, EBG, and DGS MPAs have been presented and compared. The results indicate that the main antenna design achieved a return loss (S11) of −28.3 dB, a gain of 6.31 dBi, a directivity of 7.03 dBi, a bandwidth (BW) of 0.17 GHz, a VSWR of 1.08, and an efficiency (η) of 84% at the 5.8 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) Band. While the CPW technique demonstrated an S11 of −41.3 dB, a VSWR of 1.01, a BW of 2.18 GHz, a gain of 4.05 dBi, a directivity of 4.45 dBi, and an (η) of 91%. Furthermore, the EBG technique resulted in an (S11) of −34.16 dB, a gain of 7.24 dBi, a directivity of 7.84 dBi, a BW of 1.43 GHz, a VSWR of 1.05, and an η of 87%. The DGS technique provided an (S11) of −34.73 dB, a gain of 6.61 dBi, a directivity of 7.59 dBi, a bandwidth of 1.07 GHz, a VSWR of 1.03, and an (η) of 80%. Notably, the simulation and measurement values are in close agreement with impedance matching of ∼50Ω and the surface current distribution is quite homogeneous. The substrate’s material is Rogers 04350B with ɛr=3.66, the thickness of 1.6 mm, and a loss tangent of 0.0037. The overall size of the proposed design is 50×50×1.6mm3. The proposed structures have an electrical size of 0.967λo×0.967λo×0.03λo at 5.8 GHz, where λo=27mm. This parametric optimization, combined with the novel integration of techniques, contributes a significant advancement in energy harvesting capabilities, making it the most suitable for wireless energy harvesting systems and biomedical applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379725001494Microstrip patch antennaOptimizationWireless power transferISM bandCoplanar waveguideElectromagnetic bandgap
spellingShingle Yahya Albaihani
Rizwan Akram
Ziyad Almohaimeed
Abdullah Almohaimeed
El Amjed Hajlaoui
Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM band
Results in Physics
Microstrip patch antenna
Optimization
Wireless power transfer
ISM band
Coplanar waveguide
Electromagnetic bandgap
title Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM band
title_full Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM band
title_fullStr Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM band
title_full_unstemmed Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM band
title_short Optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ISM band
title_sort optimal antenna design for wireless energy harvesting system in ism band
topic Microstrip patch antenna
Optimization
Wireless power transfer
ISM band
Coplanar waveguide
Electromagnetic bandgap
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379725001494
work_keys_str_mv AT yahyaalbaihani optimalantennadesignforwirelessenergyharvestingsysteminismband
AT rizwanakram optimalantennadesignforwirelessenergyharvestingsysteminismband
AT ziyadalmohaimeed optimalantennadesignforwirelessenergyharvestingsysteminismband
AT abdullahalmohaimeed optimalantennadesignforwirelessenergyharvestingsysteminismband
AT elamjedhajlaoui optimalantennadesignforwirelessenergyharvestingsysteminismband