Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures
In recent years, the importance of critical raw materials for global economic development has become increasingly evident, especially in electronics. A challenge in this industry is replacing traditional, unsustainable silver nanoparticle-based conductive pastes used for creating conductive paths. T...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127525004058 |
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| author | Z. Rozynek Y. Harkavyi Ø.G. Martinsen K. Giżyński |
| author_facet | Z. Rozynek Y. Harkavyi Ø.G. Martinsen K. Giżyński |
| author_sort | Z. Rozynek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, the importance of critical raw materials for global economic development has become increasingly evident, especially in electronics. A challenge in this industry is replacing traditional, unsustainable silver nanoparticle-based conductive pastes used for creating conductive paths. This paper presents an approach to fabricating conductive micro-tracks from preassembled bead-like chains of microparticles. These single-particle-thick structures achieve high conductivity through a straightforward post-processing method — mechanical compression — offering a sustainable alternative to complex nanoparticle pastes. Our study explores the effects of uniaxial compression on malleable microparticles deposited additively on substrates, examining particle deformation, interparticle contact area changes, and their impact on conductivity. Through comprehensive numerical simulations, closely aligned with experimental observations, we establish a quantitative relationship between compressive strain (ε), compressive force (FN), the contact area between the compressing plate and the ball (A1), interparticle contact area (A2), and the electrical resistance (R) of the particle chain. We studied linear structures of monodisperse microparticles and investigated the effects of polydispersity and deviations from linearity. Furthermore, we studied the influence of compression force and process temperature on the stability of the substrate on which beaded structures are formed. This research presents a sustainable alternative to traditional nanoparticle pastes, offering a bottom-up method for developing optimized conductive paths. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-24e374ffff9049049042a06eaa25b11b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0264-1275 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials & Design |
| spelling | doaj-art-24e374ffff9049049042a06eaa25b11b2025-08-20T02:02:47ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752025-05-0125311398510.1016/j.matdes.2025.113985Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structuresZ. Rozynek0Y. Harkavyi1Ø.G. Martinsen2K. Giżyński3CADENAS P.S.A., Prof. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 24, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland; Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; Corresponding author at: Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical and Biomedical Engineering, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, NorwayInstitute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, PolandIn recent years, the importance of critical raw materials for global economic development has become increasingly evident, especially in electronics. A challenge in this industry is replacing traditional, unsustainable silver nanoparticle-based conductive pastes used for creating conductive paths. This paper presents an approach to fabricating conductive micro-tracks from preassembled bead-like chains of microparticles. These single-particle-thick structures achieve high conductivity through a straightforward post-processing method — mechanical compression — offering a sustainable alternative to complex nanoparticle pastes. Our study explores the effects of uniaxial compression on malleable microparticles deposited additively on substrates, examining particle deformation, interparticle contact area changes, and their impact on conductivity. Through comprehensive numerical simulations, closely aligned with experimental observations, we establish a quantitative relationship between compressive strain (ε), compressive force (FN), the contact area between the compressing plate and the ball (A1), interparticle contact area (A2), and the electrical resistance (R) of the particle chain. We studied linear structures of monodisperse microparticles and investigated the effects of polydispersity and deviations from linearity. Furthermore, we studied the influence of compression force and process temperature on the stability of the substrate on which beaded structures are formed. This research presents a sustainable alternative to traditional nanoparticle pastes, offering a bottom-up method for developing optimized conductive paths.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127525004058Conductive pathsMicro-tracksCompressive deformationCompressive strainSolder ballsLinear structure |
| spellingShingle | Z. Rozynek Y. Harkavyi Ø.G. Martinsen K. Giżyński Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures Materials & Design Conductive paths Micro-tracks Compressive deformation Compressive strain Solder balls Linear structure |
| title | Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures |
| title_full | Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures |
| title_short | Fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro-tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures |
| title_sort | fabrication of a new type of electrically conductive micro tracks via mechanical compression of beaded structures |
| topic | Conductive paths Micro-tracks Compressive deformation Compressive strain Solder balls Linear structure |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127525004058 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zrozynek fabricationofanewtypeofelectricallyconductivemicrotracksviamechanicalcompressionofbeadedstructures AT yharkavyi fabricationofanewtypeofelectricallyconductivemicrotracksviamechanicalcompressionofbeadedstructures AT øgmartinsen fabricationofanewtypeofelectricallyconductivemicrotracksviamechanicalcompressionofbeadedstructures AT kgizynski fabricationofanewtypeofelectricallyconductivemicrotracksviamechanicalcompressionofbeadedstructures |