Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power Efficiency

The High Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) remains a critical challenge in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) waveforms, particularly with growing subcarrier configurations. Traditional PAPR reduction methods, including clipping, filtering, and pre-coding, tend to compromise the bit error rate (...

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Main Authors: Arun Kumar, Nishant Gaur, Aziz Nanthaamornphong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Results in Engineering
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025009697
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author Arun Kumar
Nishant Gaur
Aziz Nanthaamornphong
author_facet Arun Kumar
Nishant Gaur
Aziz Nanthaamornphong
author_sort Arun Kumar
collection DOAJ
description The High Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) remains a critical challenge in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) waveforms, particularly with growing subcarrier configurations. Traditional PAPR reduction methods, including clipping, filtering, and pre-coding, tend to compromise the bit error rate (BER), add spectral inefficiency, or incur high computational complexity, rendering them unsuitable for real-time use in 5G and future wireless systems. Current hybrid solutions, such as Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based optimization, provide better performance but are still computationally intensive. To overcome these issues, this paper introduces new Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-improved partial transmit sequence (PTS) and Selective Mapping (SLM) schemes that optimally choose phase factors with much lower search complexity. In contrast to the traditional PTS, which involves an exhaustive search, our PSO-based method converges to optimal phase factors efficiently, saving computational overhead while preserving spectral efficiency. Performance evaluation verifies that the proposed scheme results in up to 60% of power savings, a reduction of up to 6.7 dB in PAPR, and a 2–5 dB SNR improvement while maintaining BER and power spectral density (PSD) performance. The low complexity with respect to GA-based techniques and compatibility with time-varying channel conditions make the envisioned scheme highly feasible for next-generation NOMA-based wireless communications.
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spelling doaj-art-24dc84e48e4341be88381b5f28a03d9f2025-08-20T03:10:34ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-06-012610489310.1016/j.rineng.2025.104893Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power EfficiencyArun Kumar0Nishant Gaur1Aziz Nanthaamornphong2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru, IndiaDepartment of Physics, JECRC University, Jaipur, IndiaCollege of Computing, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket, Thailand; Corresponding author.The High Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) remains a critical challenge in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) waveforms, particularly with growing subcarrier configurations. Traditional PAPR reduction methods, including clipping, filtering, and pre-coding, tend to compromise the bit error rate (BER), add spectral inefficiency, or incur high computational complexity, rendering them unsuitable for real-time use in 5G and future wireless systems. Current hybrid solutions, such as Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based optimization, provide better performance but are still computationally intensive. To overcome these issues, this paper introduces new Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-improved partial transmit sequence (PTS) and Selective Mapping (SLM) schemes that optimally choose phase factors with much lower search complexity. In contrast to the traditional PTS, which involves an exhaustive search, our PSO-based method converges to optimal phase factors efficiently, saving computational overhead while preserving spectral efficiency. Performance evaluation verifies that the proposed scheme results in up to 60% of power savings, a reduction of up to 6.7 dB in PAPR, and a 2–5 dB SNR improvement while maintaining BER and power spectral density (PSD) performance. The low complexity with respect to GA-based techniques and compatibility with time-varying channel conditions make the envisioned scheme highly feasible for next-generation NOMA-based wireless communications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025009697PAPR reduction5G NOMA waveformsParticle Swarm Optimization (PSO)Partial Transmit Sequences (PTS)Selective Mapping (SLM)computational complexity
spellingShingle Arun Kumar
Nishant Gaur
Aziz Nanthaamornphong
Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power Efficiency
Results in Engineering
PAPR reduction
5G NOMA waveforms
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
Partial Transmit Sequences (PTS)
Selective Mapping (SLM)
computational complexity
title Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power Efficiency
title_full Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power Efficiency
title_fullStr Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power Efficiency
title_full_unstemmed Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power Efficiency
title_short Reducing PAPR in NOMA Waveforms Using Genetic-Enhanced PTS and SLM: A Low-Complexity Approach for Improved throughput, power spectral density, and Power Efficiency
title_sort reducing papr in noma waveforms using genetic enhanced pts and slm a low complexity approach for improved throughput power spectral density and power efficiency
topic PAPR reduction
5G NOMA waveforms
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
Partial Transmit Sequences (PTS)
Selective Mapping (SLM)
computational complexity
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025009697
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AT aziznanthaamornphong reducingpaprinnomawaveformsusinggeneticenhancedptsandslmalowcomplexityapproachforimprovedthroughputpowerspectraldensityandpowerefficiency