An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International Scenarios
Purely electric and hybrid vehicles are emerging as the transport sector’s response to meet climate goals, aiming to mitigate global warming. As the adoption of transport electrification increases, the importance of recycling components of the electric propulsion system at the end of their life grow...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/371 |
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| author | Jean Furlanetto Marcus V. C. de Lara Murilo Simionato Vagner do Nascimento Giovani Dambros Telli |
| author_facet | Jean Furlanetto Marcus V. C. de Lara Murilo Simionato Vagner do Nascimento Giovani Dambros Telli |
| author_sort | Jean Furlanetto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purely electric and hybrid vehicles are emerging as the transport sector’s response to meet climate goals, aiming to mitigate global warming. As the adoption of transport electrification increases, the importance of recycling components of the electric propulsion system at the end of their life grows, particularly the battery pack, which significantly contributes to the vehicle’s final cost and generates environmental impacts and CO<sub>2</sub> during production. This work presents an overview of the recycling processes for lithium-ion automotive batteries, emphasizing the developing Brazilian scenario and more established international scenarios. In Brazil, companies and research centers are investing in recycling and using reused cathode material to manufacture new batteries through the hydrometallurgical process. On the international front, pyrometallurgy and physical recycling are being applied, and other methods, such as direct processes and biohydrometallurgy, are also under study. Regardless of the recycling method, the main challenge is scaling prototype processes to meet current and future battery demand, driven by the growth of electric and hybrid vehicles, pursuing both environmental gains through reduced mining and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and economic viability to make recycling profitable and support global electrification. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-24d8ac676093488ebc94e481cb9cfc7d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2032-6653 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-24d8ac676093488ebc94e481cb9cfc7d2025-08-20T03:32:28ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532025-07-0116737110.3390/wevj16070371An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International ScenariosJean Furlanetto0Marcus V. C. de Lara1Murilo Simionato2Vagner do Nascimento3Giovani Dambros Telli4Área do Conhecimento de Ciências Exatas e Engenharias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, BrazilÁrea do Conhecimento de Ciências Exatas e Engenharias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, BrazilÁrea do Conhecimento de Ciências Exatas e Engenharias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, BrazilÁrea do Conhecimento de Ciências Exatas e Engenharias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, BrazilÁrea do Conhecimento de Ciências Exatas e Engenharias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, BrazilPurely electric and hybrid vehicles are emerging as the transport sector’s response to meet climate goals, aiming to mitigate global warming. As the adoption of transport electrification increases, the importance of recycling components of the electric propulsion system at the end of their life grows, particularly the battery pack, which significantly contributes to the vehicle’s final cost and generates environmental impacts and CO<sub>2</sub> during production. This work presents an overview of the recycling processes for lithium-ion automotive batteries, emphasizing the developing Brazilian scenario and more established international scenarios. In Brazil, companies and research centers are investing in recycling and using reused cathode material to manufacture new batteries through the hydrometallurgical process. On the international front, pyrometallurgy and physical recycling are being applied, and other methods, such as direct processes and biohydrometallurgy, are also under study. Regardless of the recycling method, the main challenge is scaling prototype processes to meet current and future battery demand, driven by the growth of electric and hybrid vehicles, pursuing both environmental gains through reduced mining and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and economic viability to make recycling profitable and support global electrification.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/371electric vehiclesbatterieslithium-ionrecycling |
| spellingShingle | Jean Furlanetto Marcus V. C. de Lara Murilo Simionato Vagner do Nascimento Giovani Dambros Telli An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International Scenarios World Electric Vehicle Journal electric vehicles batteries lithium-ion recycling |
| title | An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International Scenarios |
| title_full | An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International Scenarios |
| title_fullStr | An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International Scenarios |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International Scenarios |
| title_short | An Overview of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Comparison of Brazilian and International Scenarios |
| title_sort | overview of lithium ion battery recycling a comparison of brazilian and international scenarios |
| topic | electric vehicles batteries lithium-ion recycling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/371 |
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