Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysis

Using network analysis (NA), this study examined interrelationships between advocacy of scientifically unsubstantiated beliefs (i.e., Paranormal and Conspiracy Endorsement) and positive wellbeing outcomes (i.e., Coping, Meaning in Life, Self-Esteem, and Satisfaction with Life). A total of 1,667 part...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Neil Dagnall, Kenneth Graham Drinkwater, Andrew Denovan, Alex Escolá Gascón
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1448067/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850252722252546048
author Neil Dagnall
Kenneth Graham Drinkwater
Andrew Denovan
Alex Escolá Gascón
author_facet Neil Dagnall
Kenneth Graham Drinkwater
Andrew Denovan
Alex Escolá Gascón
author_sort Neil Dagnall
collection DOAJ
description Using network analysis (NA), this study examined interrelationships between advocacy of scientifically unsubstantiated beliefs (i.e., Paranormal and Conspiracy Endorsement) and positive wellbeing outcomes (i.e., Coping, Meaning in Life, Self-Esteem, and Satisfaction with Life). A total of 1,667 participants completed study measures. Analysis revealed that Paranormal Belief (PB) and Self-Esteem were central variables. Although not directly connected, common relationships existed with Search for Meaning in Life and Avoidant Coping. PB was most strongly linked (positively) with Conspiracy Endorsement, the Cognitive-Perceptual dimension of schizotypy, Search, and Avoidant Coping. Connections indicated that PB potentially mediated relationships between Schizotypy, Search, and Avoidant Coping. Self-Esteem was most strongly linked positively with the Presence of Meaning in Life, Active Coping, and Satisfaction with Life, and negatively with Avoidant Coping and Search. Network examination also revealed that Self-Esteem bridged relationships between Coping (Active and Avoidant), Meaning in Life (Search and Presence), and Satisfaction with Life. While the correlation between PB and Self-Esteem was small, the significance of these nodes suggested that their indirect interaction (through Search and Avoidant Coping) influenced factors related to positive wellbeing. This implied that the connection between PB and enhanced Self-Esteem positively impacted wellbeing. Conversely, PB associated with low Self-Esteem reflected poorer psychological health. Therefore, subsequent research should test this notion using specific belief facets.
format Article
id doaj-art-24b8a60cdc0d47728ee9dad705d16c10
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-1078
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Psychology
spelling doaj-art-24b8a60cdc0d47728ee9dad705d16c102025-08-20T01:57:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-03-011610.3389/fpsyg.2025.14480671448067Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysisNeil Dagnall0Kenneth Graham Drinkwater1Andrew Denovan2Alex Escolá Gascón3School of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United KingdomSchool of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United KingdomSchool of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United KingdomDepartment of Quantitative Methods and Statistics, Comillas Pontifical University, Madrid, SpainUsing network analysis (NA), this study examined interrelationships between advocacy of scientifically unsubstantiated beliefs (i.e., Paranormal and Conspiracy Endorsement) and positive wellbeing outcomes (i.e., Coping, Meaning in Life, Self-Esteem, and Satisfaction with Life). A total of 1,667 participants completed study measures. Analysis revealed that Paranormal Belief (PB) and Self-Esteem were central variables. Although not directly connected, common relationships existed with Search for Meaning in Life and Avoidant Coping. PB was most strongly linked (positively) with Conspiracy Endorsement, the Cognitive-Perceptual dimension of schizotypy, Search, and Avoidant Coping. Connections indicated that PB potentially mediated relationships between Schizotypy, Search, and Avoidant Coping. Self-Esteem was most strongly linked positively with the Presence of Meaning in Life, Active Coping, and Satisfaction with Life, and negatively with Avoidant Coping and Search. Network examination also revealed that Self-Esteem bridged relationships between Coping (Active and Avoidant), Meaning in Life (Search and Presence), and Satisfaction with Life. While the correlation between PB and Self-Esteem was small, the significance of these nodes suggested that their indirect interaction (through Search and Avoidant Coping) influenced factors related to positive wellbeing. This implied that the connection between PB and enhanced Self-Esteem positively impacted wellbeing. Conversely, PB associated with low Self-Esteem reflected poorer psychological health. Therefore, subsequent research should test this notion using specific belief facets.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1448067/fullparanormal beliefconspiracy theory endorsementpositive wellbeingnetwork analysisscientifically unsubstantiated beliefs
spellingShingle Neil Dagnall
Kenneth Graham Drinkwater
Andrew Denovan
Alex Escolá Gascón
Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysis
Frontiers in Psychology
paranormal belief
conspiracy theory endorsement
positive wellbeing
network analysis
scientifically unsubstantiated beliefs
title Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysis
title_full Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysis
title_fullStr Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysis
title_full_unstemmed Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysis
title_short Paranormal belief, conspiracy endorsement, and positive wellbeing: a network analysis
title_sort paranormal belief conspiracy endorsement and positive wellbeing a network analysis
topic paranormal belief
conspiracy theory endorsement
positive wellbeing
network analysis
scientifically unsubstantiated beliefs
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1448067/full
work_keys_str_mv AT neildagnall paranormalbeliefconspiracyendorsementandpositivewellbeinganetworkanalysis
AT kennethgrahamdrinkwater paranormalbeliefconspiracyendorsementandpositivewellbeinganetworkanalysis
AT andrewdenovan paranormalbeliefconspiracyendorsementandpositivewellbeinganetworkanalysis
AT alexescolagascon paranormalbeliefconspiracyendorsementandpositivewellbeinganetworkanalysis