Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspective

Fish is the primary marine source that provides adequate nutrition to the human body. Fish production is increasing every year, contributing to a sustainable economy, as they provide a significant source of income and food: This review highlights the potential health benefits, industrial application...

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Main Authors: Sana Noreen, Bushra Hashmi, Patrick Maduabuchi Aja, Ayomide Victor Atoki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1564315/full
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author Sana Noreen
Bushra Hashmi
Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
Ayomide Victor Atoki
author_facet Sana Noreen
Bushra Hashmi
Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
Ayomide Victor Atoki
author_sort Sana Noreen
collection DOAJ
description Fish is the primary marine source that provides adequate nutrition to the human body. Fish production is increasing every year, contributing to a sustainable economy, as they provide a significant source of income and food: This review highlights the potential health benefits, industrial applications, and toxicity of various fish species Globally, fish possess various bioactive compounds; this efficacy makes them a more edible source to consume worldwide. A wide range of bioactive compounds, primary macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, and minerals are present in various fish types that are essential in preventing different human disorders. The nutritional value of fish helps to provide exceptional health benefits against different human ailments. Fish are excellent sources of protein, peptides, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), omega-6 fatty acids, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-3 fatty acids that influence human health positively. Fish and their by-products are also excellent sources for developing various nutraceutical and functional foods to fight against multiple human disorders. The by-products of fish exert significant effects against infection, viral attack, cardiovascular diseases, immune disorders, oxidative stress, inflammation, neurological diseases, and other physiological complications. Few fish species are contaminated with harmful substances that cause potential risks to children's and adults' bodies. Additionally, the therapeutic use of fish and their by-products unveils the potential nutritional benefits to reduce the burden on public health by managing dietary issues such as food security, protein deficiency, and other nutritional-related problems.
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spelling doaj-art-24b43a0aaa334c4bb6bbdb0d1fda5ba62025-08-20T02:56:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-05-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15643151564315Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspectiveSana Noreen0Bushra Hashmi1Patrick Maduabuchi Aja2Ayomide Victor Atoki3University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, PakistanUniversity Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, PakistanFaculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Bushenyi, UgandaFaculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Bushenyi, UgandaFish is the primary marine source that provides adequate nutrition to the human body. Fish production is increasing every year, contributing to a sustainable economy, as they provide a significant source of income and food: This review highlights the potential health benefits, industrial applications, and toxicity of various fish species Globally, fish possess various bioactive compounds; this efficacy makes them a more edible source to consume worldwide. A wide range of bioactive compounds, primary macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, and minerals are present in various fish types that are essential in preventing different human disorders. The nutritional value of fish helps to provide exceptional health benefits against different human ailments. Fish are excellent sources of protein, peptides, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), omega-6 fatty acids, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-3 fatty acids that influence human health positively. Fish and their by-products are also excellent sources for developing various nutraceutical and functional foods to fight against multiple human disorders. The by-products of fish exert significant effects against infection, viral attack, cardiovascular diseases, immune disorders, oxidative stress, inflammation, neurological diseases, and other physiological complications. Few fish species are contaminated with harmful substances that cause potential risks to children's and adults' bodies. Additionally, the therapeutic use of fish and their by-products unveils the potential nutritional benefits to reduce the burden on public health by managing dietary issues such as food security, protein deficiency, and other nutritional-related problems.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1564315/fullfishfish by-productpolyunsaturated fatty acidsbioactive compoundshealth benefits and risks
spellingShingle Sana Noreen
Bushra Hashmi
Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
Ayomide Victor Atoki
Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspective
Frontiers in Nutrition
fish
fish by-product
polyunsaturated fatty acids
bioactive compounds
health benefits and risks
title Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspective
title_full Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspective
title_fullStr Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspective
title_full_unstemmed Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspective
title_short Health benefits of fish and fish by-products—a nutritional and functional perspective
title_sort health benefits of fish and fish by products a nutritional and functional perspective
topic fish
fish by-product
polyunsaturated fatty acids
bioactive compounds
health benefits and risks
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1564315/full
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AT bushrahashmi healthbenefitsoffishandfishbyproductsanutritionalandfunctionalperspective
AT patrickmaduabuchiaja healthbenefitsoffishandfishbyproductsanutritionalandfunctionalperspective
AT ayomidevictoratoki healthbenefitsoffishandfishbyproductsanutritionalandfunctionalperspective