A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected Myopathy

Background and Objectives: The role of muscle biopsy needs to be redefined in an era where genetic studies have largely supplanted the need for a pathological diagnosis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the utility of muscle biopsy in suspected myopathies in terms of diagnostic confirmatio...

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Main Authors: Sudhakar Karunakaran, Abraham Kuruvilla, Muralidharan Nair, Sruthi S Nair, Deepti Narasimhaiah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-05-01
Series:Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_934_24
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author Sudhakar Karunakaran
Abraham Kuruvilla
Muralidharan Nair
Sruthi S Nair
Deepti Narasimhaiah
author_facet Sudhakar Karunakaran
Abraham Kuruvilla
Muralidharan Nair
Sruthi S Nair
Deepti Narasimhaiah
author_sort Sudhakar Karunakaran
collection DOAJ
description Background and Objectives: The role of muscle biopsy needs to be redefined in an era where genetic studies have largely supplanted the need for a pathological diagnosis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the utility of muscle biopsy in suspected myopathies in terms of diagnostic confirmation and modifying therapy in a developing country. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients who underwent muscle biopsy in our center between April 2017 and 2019. The diagnostic utility and therapeutic impact of muscle biopsy were assessed descriptively and using an ordinal score. We further analyzed the correlation of the pathological diagnosis with the genetic and immunological data. Results: Among the 70 patients included in the study over a 2-year period, 33 (47.1%) were aged 18 years or less and the mean age was 23.4 (±16.2) years. A specific diagnosis or diagnostic category could be established in 39 (55.7%) of all patients and 21 (63.6%) among pediatric patients by muscle biopsy. The most common categories were muscular dystrophies in 27 (38.6%) patients and inflammatory myopathies in seven (10%) patients. Mitochondrial myopathy was confirmed in two (2.9%), while three (4.3%) had other specific diagnosis and 31 (44.2%) had indeterminate/normal biopsy reports. Muscle biopsy confirmed the pre-biopsy diagnosis in 29 (41.4%) patients and changed the clinical diagnosis in 16 (22.9%) patients. Category-wise, the change in pre-biopsy diagnosis was significant only in suspected mitochondrial myopathies, but not in other categories. Conclusions: Muscle biopsy helped in securing a specific diagnosis in approximately one-half of the patients. This study underscores the enduring relevance of muscle biopsy in settings where resources for advanced genetic testing and data analysis are constrained.
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1998-3549
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spelling doaj-art-24aecfcdc9fc4452bf9abd14022aa5ac2025-08-20T03:28:58ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology0972-23271998-35492025-05-0128336337010.4103/aian.aian_934_24A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected MyopathySudhakar KarunakaranAbraham KuruvillaMuralidharan NairSruthi S NairDeepti NarasimhaiahBackground and Objectives: The role of muscle biopsy needs to be redefined in an era where genetic studies have largely supplanted the need for a pathological diagnosis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the utility of muscle biopsy in suspected myopathies in terms of diagnostic confirmation and modifying therapy in a developing country. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients who underwent muscle biopsy in our center between April 2017 and 2019. The diagnostic utility and therapeutic impact of muscle biopsy were assessed descriptively and using an ordinal score. We further analyzed the correlation of the pathological diagnosis with the genetic and immunological data. Results: Among the 70 patients included in the study over a 2-year period, 33 (47.1%) were aged 18 years or less and the mean age was 23.4 (±16.2) years. A specific diagnosis or diagnostic category could be established in 39 (55.7%) of all patients and 21 (63.6%) among pediatric patients by muscle biopsy. The most common categories were muscular dystrophies in 27 (38.6%) patients and inflammatory myopathies in seven (10%) patients. Mitochondrial myopathy was confirmed in two (2.9%), while three (4.3%) had other specific diagnosis and 31 (44.2%) had indeterminate/normal biopsy reports. Muscle biopsy confirmed the pre-biopsy diagnosis in 29 (41.4%) patients and changed the clinical diagnosis in 16 (22.9%) patients. Category-wise, the change in pre-biopsy diagnosis was significant only in suspected mitochondrial myopathies, but not in other categories. Conclusions: Muscle biopsy helped in securing a specific diagnosis in approximately one-half of the patients. This study underscores the enduring relevance of muscle biopsy in settings where resources for advanced genetic testing and data analysis are constrained.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_934_24muscle biopsymuscular dystrophyinflammatory myopathymitochondrial myopathypediatric muscle diseaseindia
spellingShingle Sudhakar Karunakaran
Abraham Kuruvilla
Muralidharan Nair
Sruthi S Nair
Deepti Narasimhaiah
A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected Myopathy
Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
muscle biopsy
muscular dystrophy
inflammatory myopathy
mitochondrial myopathy
pediatric muscle disease
india
title A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected Myopathy
title_full A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected Myopathy
title_fullStr A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected Myopathy
title_full_unstemmed A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected Myopathy
title_short A Clinical Study on the Utility of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Suspected Myopathy
title_sort clinical study on the utility of muscle biopsy in patients with suspected myopathy
topic muscle biopsy
muscular dystrophy
inflammatory myopathy
mitochondrial myopathy
pediatric muscle disease
india
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_934_24
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