Beneficial Cecal Microbiome Modulation in Turkeys Exposed to Probiotics and Vaccine After Multidrug-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Heidelberg Challenge

Beneficial Cecal Microbiome Modulation in Turkeys Exposed to Probiotics and Vaccine After Multidrug-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Heidelberg Challenge

<i>Salmonella</i> Heidelberg (SH) is a major serotype of foodborne <i>Salmonella</i> associated with turkeys. Understanding the effect of antibiotic alternatives (AAs) on the cecal microbiome of turkeys challenged with <i>Salmonella</i> could inform the developmen...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dhananjai Muringattu Prabhakaran, Anup Kollanoor Johny, Divek V. T. Nair, Shijinaraj Manjankattil, Timothy J. Johnson, Sally Noll, Kent M. Reed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Microbiology Research
Subjects:
<i>Salmonella</i>
turkeys
microbiome
<i>Lactobacillus</i>
<i>Propionibacterium</i>
antibiotic alternatives
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/16/7/136
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Summary:<i>Salmonella</i> Heidelberg (SH) is a major serotype of foodborne <i>Salmonella</i> associated with turkeys. Understanding the effect of antibiotic alternatives (AAs) on the cecal microbiome of turkeys challenged with <i>Salmonella</i> could inform the development of microbiome-based strategies on farms. This study examined the effects of multiple AAs, such as probiotics, <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Propionibacterium</i>, and a <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium vaccine, on the turkey cecal microbiome exposed to multidrug-resistant (MDR) SH. Microbial DNA was extracted from the cecal contents of 12-week-old commercial turkeys grown in five treatments for shotgun metagenomic sequencing and analysis: NC—Negative Control; PC—<i>Salmonella</i> Control; LAB—<i>Lactobacillus</i> treatment; PF—<i>P. freudenreichii</i> treatment; and VAC—vaccine treatment. Except for the NC, turkeys were challenged with MDR SH (10<sup>8</sup> CFU/turkey) on the 11th week. Differential abundance tests at the species level found that all AA treatments resulted in an increased abundance of multiple lactic acid-producing bacteria in the cecum compared to PC. In addition, multiple metabolic pathways were differentially abundant in AA treatments compared to PC. This study highlights the importance of AA strategies producing an increased abundance of lactic acid bacteria and critical metabolic pathways, indicating the potential of AAs to improve the gut health of turkeys during the <i>Salmonella</i> challenge.
ISSN:2036-7481

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