Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS
In this study, anthocyanin glycosides from nine cultivars of highbush blueberries grown in Korea were characterized using UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS. A total of twenty-two derivatives were identified, consisting of mono-glycosides and acetyl-glycosides attached to aglycones, such as cyani...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Ju Hyung Kim Ryeong Ha Kwon So Ah Kim Hyemin Na Jeong-Yong Cho Heon-Woong Kim |
| author_facet | Ju Hyung Kim Ryeong Ha Kwon So Ah Kim Hyemin Na Jeong-Yong Cho Heon-Woong Kim |
| author_sort | Ju Hyung Kim |
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| description | In this study, anthocyanin glycosides from nine cultivars of highbush blueberries grown in Korea were characterized using UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS. A total of twenty-two derivatives were identified, consisting of mono-glycosides and acetyl-glycosides attached to aglycones, such as cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin. Among them, seven acetylated glycosides were tentatively determined by comparing the related authentic standards and previous reports and presented mass fragmentation, in which the acetyl group remained as the form attached to the sugar without de-esterification in positive ionization mode. The mid-season cultivar ‘New Hanover’ showed the highest total anthocyanin content (1011.7 mg/100 g dry weight) with predominant malvidin and delphinidin glycosides. Particularly, the ‘Patriot’ (early season) recorded the highest proportion of acetylated glycosides (19.7%). Multivariate analysis showed a distinct separation between early and mid-seasons with Draper. Especially, delphinidin 3-<i>O</i>-galactoside (VIP = 1.94) was identified as a marker for mid-season, and malvidin 3-<i>O</i>-glucoside (VIP = 1.79) was identified as a marker for early season. These comprehensive anthocyanin profiles of Korean blueberries will serve as fundamental data for breeding superior cultivars, evaluating and developing related products as well as clinical and metabolomic research. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-2484029f5e514bd887e6273d9dd4e4172025-01-24T13:32:48ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-01-0114218810.3390/foods14020188Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MSJu Hyung Kim0Ryeong Ha Kwon1So Ah Kim2Hyemin Na3Jeong-Yong Cho4Heon-Woong Kim5Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaIn this study, anthocyanin glycosides from nine cultivars of highbush blueberries grown in Korea were characterized using UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS. A total of twenty-two derivatives were identified, consisting of mono-glycosides and acetyl-glycosides attached to aglycones, such as cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin. Among them, seven acetylated glycosides were tentatively determined by comparing the related authentic standards and previous reports and presented mass fragmentation, in which the acetyl group remained as the form attached to the sugar without de-esterification in positive ionization mode. The mid-season cultivar ‘New Hanover’ showed the highest total anthocyanin content (1011.7 mg/100 g dry weight) with predominant malvidin and delphinidin glycosides. Particularly, the ‘Patriot’ (early season) recorded the highest proportion of acetylated glycosides (19.7%). Multivariate analysis showed a distinct separation between early and mid-seasons with Draper. Especially, delphinidin 3-<i>O</i>-galactoside (VIP = 1.94) was identified as a marker for mid-season, and malvidin 3-<i>O</i>-glucoside (VIP = 1.79) was identified as a marker for early season. These comprehensive anthocyanin profiles of Korean blueberries will serve as fundamental data for breeding superior cultivars, evaluating and developing related products as well as clinical and metabolomic research.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/188blueberryanthocyaninacetylated glycosideUPLC-DAD-QToF/MSUPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| spellingShingle | Ju Hyung Kim Ryeong Ha Kwon So Ah Kim Hyemin Na Jeong-Yong Cho Heon-Woong Kim Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS Foods blueberry anthocyanin acetylated glycoside UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| title | Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| title_full | Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| title_short | Characterization of Anthocyanins Including Acetylated Glycosides from Highbush Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) Cultivated in Korea Based on UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS and UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| title_sort | characterization of anthocyanins including acetylated glycosides from highbush blueberry i vaccinium corymbosum i l cultivated in korea based on uplc dad qtof ms and uplc qtrap ms ms |
| topic | blueberry anthocyanin acetylated glycoside UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS UPLC-Qtrap-MS/MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/188 |
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