Interplay between endogenous hormones and immune systems in human metapneumovirus pathogenesis and management

The present review explores the role of endogenous hormones, such as cortisol, melatonin, thyroid hormones, sex hormones, and insulin, in the modulation of the immune response to a human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection. hMPV is a respiratory pathogen responsible for severe infections, particularly...

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Main Authors: Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo, Santiago Cadena-Ullauri, Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo, Patricia Guevara-Ramírez, Elius Paz-Cruz, Mayra A. Castañeda Cataña, Ana Karina Zambrano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1568828/full
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