Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats
Abstract Background New feline erythrocyte antigens (FEAs) have been described based on the presence of naturally occurring alloantibodies (NOAb), but their immunogenicity and clinical relevance are poorly understood. Hypothesis/Objectives Describe the immunogenicity of FEA 4 after sensitizing FEA 4...
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Wiley
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17207 |
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| author | Thomas Ternisien Florian Azoulay Mohammad Y. Bangash Marie‐Claude Blais |
| author_facet | Thomas Ternisien Florian Azoulay Mohammad Y. Bangash Marie‐Claude Blais |
| author_sort | Thomas Ternisien |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background New feline erythrocyte antigens (FEAs) have been described based on the presence of naturally occurring alloantibodies (NOAb), but their immunogenicity and clinical relevance are poorly understood. Hypothesis/Objectives Describe the immunogenicity of FEA 4 after sensitizing FEA 4–negative cats lacking NOAb and characterize anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies produced, including their rate of appearance, agglutination titer, and immunoglobulin class. Animals Nineteen healthy type A cats were blood typed for FEAs 1 to 5 to identify suitable donor‐recipient pairs for FEA 4 sensitization. Methods Four FEA 4–negative cats were transfused with FEA 4–positive red blood cells. Using a gel column technique, posttransfusion samples were screened daily for a week, weekly for a month, and monthly thereafter for anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies. Results Alloantibodies were not detected in the first 3 recipients despite repeated transfusions (1 and 3 additional transfusions for 2 and 1 recipients, respectively). In the 4th recipient, alloantibodies against its donor red blood cells were detected 21 days postsensitization. However, they were not directed against FEA 4, but rather against a novel FEA not yet described. The alloantibodies, named anti–FEA 6, remained detectable for >4 months after sensitization and were determined to be mostly immunoglobulin M based on sulfhydryl treatment. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Feline erythrocyte antigen 4 does not appear to be immunogenic because repeated sensitization of 4 cats failed to produce detectable anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies. A new immunogenic antigen, named FEA 6, has been discovered, but additional studies are needed to document its clinical importance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-242e1cb7969447b99d238f1723a2ba96 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-242e1cb7969447b99d238f1723a2ba962025-08-20T02:23:40ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762024-11-013863063306910.1111/jvim.17207Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in catsThomas Ternisien0Florian Azoulay1Mohammad Y. Bangash2Marie‐Claude Blais3Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire University of Montreal Saint‐Hyacinthe Quebec CanadaCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire University of Montreal Saint‐Hyacinthe Quebec CanadaCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire University of Montreal Saint‐Hyacinthe Quebec CanadaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire University of Montreal Saint‐Hyacinthe Quebec CanadaAbstract Background New feline erythrocyte antigens (FEAs) have been described based on the presence of naturally occurring alloantibodies (NOAb), but their immunogenicity and clinical relevance are poorly understood. Hypothesis/Objectives Describe the immunogenicity of FEA 4 after sensitizing FEA 4–negative cats lacking NOAb and characterize anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies produced, including their rate of appearance, agglutination titer, and immunoglobulin class. Animals Nineteen healthy type A cats were blood typed for FEAs 1 to 5 to identify suitable donor‐recipient pairs for FEA 4 sensitization. Methods Four FEA 4–negative cats were transfused with FEA 4–positive red blood cells. Using a gel column technique, posttransfusion samples were screened daily for a week, weekly for a month, and monthly thereafter for anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies. Results Alloantibodies were not detected in the first 3 recipients despite repeated transfusions (1 and 3 additional transfusions for 2 and 1 recipients, respectively). In the 4th recipient, alloantibodies against its donor red blood cells were detected 21 days postsensitization. However, they were not directed against FEA 4, but rather against a novel FEA not yet described. The alloantibodies, named anti–FEA 6, remained detectable for >4 months after sensitization and were determined to be mostly immunoglobulin M based on sulfhydryl treatment. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Feline erythrocyte antigen 4 does not appear to be immunogenic because repeated sensitization of 4 cats failed to produce detectable anti–FEA 4 alloantibodies. A new immunogenic antigen, named FEA 6, has been discovered, but additional studies are needed to document its clinical importance.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17207blood transfusioncrossmatchfeline erythrocyte antigenimmunogenicity |
| spellingShingle | Thomas Ternisien Florian Azoulay Mohammad Y. Bangash Marie‐Claude Blais Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine blood transfusion crossmatch feline erythrocyte antigen immunogenicity |
| title | Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats |
| title_full | Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats |
| title_fullStr | Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats |
| title_short | Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats |
| title_sort | identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats |
| topic | blood transfusion crossmatch feline erythrocyte antigen immunogenicity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17207 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thomasternisien identificationoffelineerythrocyteantigen6andlackofalloimmunizationtofelineerythrocyteantigen4incats AT florianazoulay identificationoffelineerythrocyteantigen6andlackofalloimmunizationtofelineerythrocyteantigen4incats AT mohammadybangash identificationoffelineerythrocyteantigen6andlackofalloimmunizationtofelineerythrocyteantigen4incats AT marieclaudeblais identificationoffelineerythrocyteantigen6andlackofalloimmunizationtofelineerythrocyteantigen4incats |