A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profile
This study aimed to characterize the aromatic uniqueness of Zelen (Vitis vinifera L.) wines, an authoctonous variety from Vipava Valley located in Western Slovenia, through chemical and sensory assessment. Seventy aromatic compounds, including varietal thiols, esters, C6-alcohols, volatile phenols,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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International Viticulture and Enology Society
2025-01-01
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| Series: | OENO One |
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| Online Access: | https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/8278 |
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| author | Mitja Martelanc Davide Slaghenaufi Tatjana Radovanović Vukajlović Diana Alexandra Martin Rojas Katja Suklje Melita Sternad Lemut Branka Mozetič Vodopivec Lorena Butinar Guillaume Antalick |
| author_facet | Mitja Martelanc Davide Slaghenaufi Tatjana Radovanović Vukajlović Diana Alexandra Martin Rojas Katja Suklje Melita Sternad Lemut Branka Mozetič Vodopivec Lorena Butinar Guillaume Antalick |
| author_sort | Mitja Martelanc |
| collection | DOAJ |
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This study aimed to characterize the aromatic uniqueness of Zelen (Vitis vinifera L.) wines, an authoctonous variety from Vipava Valley located in Western Slovenia, through chemical and sensory assessment. Seventy aromatic compounds, including varietal thiols, esters, C6-alcohols, volatile phenols, terpenoids, and norisoprenoids, were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS in two surveys comparing Zelen wines with four other varieties grown in Vipava Valley. The olfactory space of Zelen wines was defined by comparing their aromatic profiles with those of Pinela wines in a sorting task and by HPLC-olfactometry. Zelen wines were characterised by dried herbs and spicy notes such as thyme, rosemary and basil in comparison to Pinela wines. The chemical profile of Zelen wines was dominated by the presence of an original mixture of monoterpenes, including terpinene isomers, limonene, p-cymene, terpinolene, linalool, and α-terpineol, as well as volatile phenols, 4-vinylguaiacol, and methyl salicylate. The obtained concentrations of 4-vinylguaiacol and methyl salicylate were at levels close to or above the reported olfactory threshold, thus inferring a potential contribution of these compounds to the spicy aromatic components of Zelen wines. Two aromatic fractions reminiscent of herbal notes specific to Zelen wines - isolated by HPLC semi-preparative fractionation and further analysed by HS-SPME-GC-MS - revealed the presence of an original mixture of hydrocarbon monoterpenes, including the compounds that were quantitatively measured, and others, such as β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, E-β-ocimene, Z-β-ocimene, and two 2,4,6-octatriene-2,6-dimethyl isomers. Semi-quantitative measurements showed that this new group of monoterpenes was also present at higher levels in Zelen than in Pinela, Malvasia Istriana, Chardonnay, and Sauvignon blanc wines.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-242898885c2b44fa83c217a03d8595ea |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2494-1271 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | International Viticulture and Enology Society |
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| series | OENO One |
| spelling | doaj-art-242898885c2b44fa83c217a03d8595ea2025-01-23T11:10:30ZengInternational Viticulture and Enology SocietyOENO One2494-12712025-01-0159110.20870/oeno-one.2025.59.1.8278A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profileMitja Martelanc0Davide Slaghenaufi1Tatjana Radovanović Vukajlović2Diana Alexandra Martin Rojas3Katja Suklje4Melita Sternad Lemut5Branka Mozetič Vodopivec6Lorena Butinar7Guillaume Antalick8Wine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, SloveniaDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, ItalyWine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, SloveniaWine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, SloveniaAgricultural Institute of Slovenia, Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Oenology, Hacquetova 17, 1000 LjubljanaWine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, SloveniaWine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, SloveniaWine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, SloveniaWine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia This study aimed to characterize the aromatic uniqueness of Zelen (Vitis vinifera L.) wines, an authoctonous variety from Vipava Valley located in Western Slovenia, through chemical and sensory assessment. Seventy aromatic compounds, including varietal thiols, esters, C6-alcohols, volatile phenols, terpenoids, and norisoprenoids, were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS in two surveys comparing Zelen wines with four other varieties grown in Vipava Valley. The olfactory space of Zelen wines was defined by comparing their aromatic profiles with those of Pinela wines in a sorting task and by HPLC-olfactometry. Zelen wines were characterised by dried herbs and spicy notes such as thyme, rosemary and basil in comparison to Pinela wines. The chemical profile of Zelen wines was dominated by the presence of an original mixture of monoterpenes, including terpinene isomers, limonene, p-cymene, terpinolene, linalool, and α-terpineol, as well as volatile phenols, 4-vinylguaiacol, and methyl salicylate. The obtained concentrations of 4-vinylguaiacol and methyl salicylate were at levels close to or above the reported olfactory threshold, thus inferring a potential contribution of these compounds to the spicy aromatic components of Zelen wines. Two aromatic fractions reminiscent of herbal notes specific to Zelen wines - isolated by HPLC semi-preparative fractionation and further analysed by HS-SPME-GC-MS - revealed the presence of an original mixture of hydrocarbon monoterpenes, including the compounds that were quantitatively measured, and others, such as β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, E-β-ocimene, Z-β-ocimene, and two 2,4,6-octatriene-2,6-dimethyl isomers. Semi-quantitative measurements showed that this new group of monoterpenes was also present at higher levels in Zelen than in Pinela, Malvasia Istriana, Chardonnay, and Sauvignon blanc wines. https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/8278authoctonous varietyZelentypicalityaromamethyl salicylate4-vinyguaiacol |
| spellingShingle | Mitja Martelanc Davide Slaghenaufi Tatjana Radovanović Vukajlović Diana Alexandra Martin Rojas Katja Suklje Melita Sternad Lemut Branka Mozetič Vodopivec Lorena Butinar Guillaume Antalick A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profile OENO One authoctonous variety Zelen typicality aroma methyl salicylate 4-vinyguaiacol |
| title | A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profile |
| title_full | A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profile |
| title_fullStr | A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profile |
| title_full_unstemmed | A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profile |
| title_short | A unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises Zelen wine’s aromatic profile |
| title_sort | unique mixture of monoterpenes and volatile phenols characterises zelen wine s aromatic profile |
| topic | authoctonous variety Zelen typicality aroma methyl salicylate 4-vinyguaiacol |
| url | https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/8278 |
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