Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes
A compact and robust optical excitation photoacoustic sensor with a self-integrated laser module excitation and an optimized differential resonator was developed to achieve high sensitivity and full linear range detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) based on dual modes of wavelength modulated photoacous...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Photoacoustics |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213597924000867 |
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| author | Yifan Li Lixian Liu Liang Zhao Xueshi Zhang Le Zhang Jialiang Sun Huiting Huan Yize Liang Jiyong Zhang Xiaopeng Shao Andreas Mandelis Roberto Li Voti |
| author_facet | Yifan Li Lixian Liu Liang Zhao Xueshi Zhang Le Zhang Jialiang Sun Huiting Huan Yize Liang Jiyong Zhang Xiaopeng Shao Andreas Mandelis Roberto Li Voti |
| author_sort | Yifan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A compact and robust optical excitation photoacoustic sensor with a self-integrated laser module excitation and an optimized differential resonator was developed to achieve high sensitivity and full linear range detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) based on dual modes of wavelength modulated photoacoustic spectroscopy (WMPAS) and resonant frequency tracking (RFT). The integrated laser module equipped with three lasers (a quantum cascade laser (QCL), a distributed feedback laser (DFB) and a He-Ne laser) working in a time-division multiplexing mode was used as an integrated set of spectroscopic sources for detection of the designated concentration levels of CO2. With the absorption photoacoustic mode, the WMPAS detection with the QCL and DFB sources was capable of CO2 detection at concentrations below 20 %, yielding a noise equivalent concentration (NEC) as low as 240 ppt and a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient (NNEA) of 4.755 × 10−10 W cm−1/√Hz, and dynamic range as great as 11 orders of magnitude. Higher concentration detection ranges (20 %-100 %) of CO2 were investigated using the RFT mode with an amplitude-stabilized He-Ne laser and a mechanical chopper. With the dual modes of WMPAS and RFT, the optical excitation sensor achieved full-range CO2 detection, with an R² ≥ 0.9993 and a response time of 5 seconds. The compact and full-range CO2 sensor combines the advantages of WMPAS and RFT and offers a solution for high sensitivity, linearity and full-range CO2 detection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2414d94f1b264edf97d9549ea778957a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2213-5979 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photoacoustics |
| spelling | doaj-art-2414d94f1b264edf97d9549ea778957a2025-08-20T03:00:57ZengElsevierPhotoacoustics2213-59792025-02-014110066910.1016/j.pacs.2024.100669Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modesYifan Li0Lixian Liu1Liang Zhao2Xueshi Zhang3Le Zhang4Jialiang Sun5Huiting Huan6Yize Liang7Jiyong Zhang8Xiaopeng Shao9Andreas Mandelis10Roberto Li Voti11School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China; Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, and Institute for Advanced Non, Destructive and Non-Invasive Diagnostic Technologies (IANDIT), University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada; Corresponding authors at: School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China.Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710024, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China; Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, and Institute for Advanced Non, Destructive and Non-Invasive Diagnostic Technologies (IANDIT), University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada; Corresponding authors at: School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China.School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Insitute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical lntegrated Manufacturing of High-performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaCenter for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, and Institute for Advanced Non, Destructive and Non-Invasive Diagnostic Technologies (IANDIT), University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, CanadaDipartimento di Scienze di Base ed Applicate per l’Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome 00161, ItalyA compact and robust optical excitation photoacoustic sensor with a self-integrated laser module excitation and an optimized differential resonator was developed to achieve high sensitivity and full linear range detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) based on dual modes of wavelength modulated photoacoustic spectroscopy (WMPAS) and resonant frequency tracking (RFT). The integrated laser module equipped with three lasers (a quantum cascade laser (QCL), a distributed feedback laser (DFB) and a He-Ne laser) working in a time-division multiplexing mode was used as an integrated set of spectroscopic sources for detection of the designated concentration levels of CO2. With the absorption photoacoustic mode, the WMPAS detection with the QCL and DFB sources was capable of CO2 detection at concentrations below 20 %, yielding a noise equivalent concentration (NEC) as low as 240 ppt and a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient (NNEA) of 4.755 × 10−10 W cm−1/√Hz, and dynamic range as great as 11 orders of magnitude. Higher concentration detection ranges (20 %-100 %) of CO2 were investigated using the RFT mode with an amplitude-stabilized He-Ne laser and a mechanical chopper. With the dual modes of WMPAS and RFT, the optical excitation sensor achieved full-range CO2 detection, with an R² ≥ 0.9993 and a response time of 5 seconds. The compact and full-range CO2 sensor combines the advantages of WMPAS and RFT and offers a solution for high sensitivity, linearity and full-range CO2 detection.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213597924000867Photoacoustic spectroscopyResonance frequency trackingAll-opticalFull-rangeTime division multiplexing |
| spellingShingle | Yifan Li Lixian Liu Liang Zhao Xueshi Zhang Le Zhang Jialiang Sun Huiting Huan Yize Liang Jiyong Zhang Xiaopeng Shao Andreas Mandelis Roberto Li Voti Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes Photoacoustics Photoacoustic spectroscopy Resonance frequency tracking All-optical Full-range Time division multiplexing |
| title | Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes |
| title_full | Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes |
| title_fullStr | Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes |
| title_short | Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes |
| title_sort | compact and full range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes |
| topic | Photoacoustic spectroscopy Resonance frequency tracking All-optical Full-range Time division multiplexing |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213597924000867 |
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