Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?

The aesthetic of our surrounding environment has a significant impact on our behavior. According to the S-O-R model, specific features characterizing the environment act as stimuli (S) that affect the internal states of people - organisms (O)-, which, in turn, drive their behavioral responses (R). S...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: M. Pizzolante, S. Bartolotta, E. Sarcinella, A. Gaggioli, A. Chirico
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Social Sciences and Humanities Open
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590291125002682
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849685688545443840
author M. Pizzolante
S. Bartolotta
E. Sarcinella
A. Gaggioli
A. Chirico
author_facet M. Pizzolante
S. Bartolotta
E. Sarcinella
A. Gaggioli
A. Chirico
author_sort M. Pizzolante
collection DOAJ
description The aesthetic of our surrounding environment has a significant impact on our behavior. According to the S-O-R model, specific features characterizing the environment act as stimuli (S) that affect the internal states of people - organisms (O)-, which, in turn, drive their behavioral responses (R). Specifically, engaging with aesthetically appealing environments has been found to potentially promote positive normative outcomes such as prosocial behaviors. The present study investigates if architectural façades characterized by a specific feature typically associated with beauty - symmetry - can promote prosocial behavior compared to façades characterized by asymmetry, by applying the S-O-R model. To do so, in a within-subject design study, two sets of 360° virtual scenarios portraying both symmetric and asymmetric architectural façades were presented to 40 participants in a randomized order. Following each set of façades, participants were asked to complete an additional self-report questionnaire measuring their aesthetic emotions and to participate in a dictator game, aimed at measuring prosocial behavior. Results revealed that participants donated a larger amount of money to the recipient following the exposure to scenarios featuring symmetric façades compared to those characterized by asymmetry. However, the role of aesthetic emotions, as theorized by the S-O-R model, in mediating the perception of symmetry and the prosocial behavior was not fully confirmed.
format Article
id doaj-art-23f4b21bf4cc40f48517d949532838bc
institution DOAJ
issn 2590-2911
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Social Sciences and Humanities Open
spelling doaj-art-23f4b21bf4cc40f48517d949532838bc2025-08-20T03:23:02ZengElsevierSocial Sciences and Humanities Open2590-29112025-01-011110154010.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101540Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?M. Pizzolante0S. Bartolotta1E. Sarcinella2A. Gaggioli3A. Chirico4Corresponding author.; Research Center in Communication Psychology (PsiCom), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, ItalyResearch Center in Communication Psychology (PsiCom), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, ItalyResearch Center in Communication Psychology (PsiCom), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, ItalyResearch Center in Communication Psychology (PsiCom), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, ItalyResearch Center in Communication Psychology (PsiCom), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, ItalyThe aesthetic of our surrounding environment has a significant impact on our behavior. According to the S-O-R model, specific features characterizing the environment act as stimuli (S) that affect the internal states of people - organisms (O)-, which, in turn, drive their behavioral responses (R). Specifically, engaging with aesthetically appealing environments has been found to potentially promote positive normative outcomes such as prosocial behaviors. The present study investigates if architectural façades characterized by a specific feature typically associated with beauty - symmetry - can promote prosocial behavior compared to façades characterized by asymmetry, by applying the S-O-R model. To do so, in a within-subject design study, two sets of 360° virtual scenarios portraying both symmetric and asymmetric architectural façades were presented to 40 participants in a randomized order. Following each set of façades, participants were asked to complete an additional self-report questionnaire measuring their aesthetic emotions and to participate in a dictator game, aimed at measuring prosocial behavior. Results revealed that participants donated a larger amount of money to the recipient following the exposure to scenarios featuring symmetric façades compared to those characterized by asymmetry. However, the role of aesthetic emotions, as theorized by the S-O-R model, in mediating the perception of symmetry and the prosocial behavior was not fully confirmed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590291125002682SymmetryAestheticEmotionsPro-social behaviorArchitecture
spellingShingle M. Pizzolante
S. Bartolotta
E. Sarcinella
A. Gaggioli
A. Chirico
Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?
Social Sciences and Humanities Open
Symmetry
Aesthetic
Emotions
Pro-social behavior
Architecture
title Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?
title_full Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?
title_fullStr Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?
title_full_unstemmed Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?
title_short Shaping kindness: Does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior?
title_sort shaping kindness does symmetry in architecture promote prosocial behavior
topic Symmetry
Aesthetic
Emotions
Pro-social behavior
Architecture
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590291125002682
work_keys_str_mv AT mpizzolante shapingkindnessdoessymmetryinarchitecturepromoteprosocialbehavior
AT sbartolotta shapingkindnessdoessymmetryinarchitecturepromoteprosocialbehavior
AT esarcinella shapingkindnessdoessymmetryinarchitecturepromoteprosocialbehavior
AT agaggioli shapingkindnessdoessymmetryinarchitecturepromoteprosocialbehavior
AT achirico shapingkindnessdoessymmetryinarchitecturepromoteprosocialbehavior