The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks
The broiler chickens’ immune system fully develops a few weeks after hatching, leaving them susceptible to disease during the early post-hatching phase. This study investigated effects of in ovo delivery of carvacrol on the expression of immune-related genes following an Escherichia coli lipopolysac...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-03-01
|
| Series: | Poultry Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912500118X |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850054204310159360 |
|---|---|
| author | Mila M.Y. Meijer Henry van den Brand Marta Navarro Eugeni Roura |
| author_facet | Mila M.Y. Meijer Henry van den Brand Marta Navarro Eugeni Roura |
| author_sort | Mila M.Y. Meijer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The broiler chickens’ immune system fully develops a few weeks after hatching, leaving them susceptible to disease during the early post-hatching phase. This study investigated effects of in ovo delivery of carvacrol on the expression of immune-related genes following an Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge at d7 post-hatch. The experiment was designed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two in ovo treatments (saline or carvacrol) and two LPS challenged groups (yes or no): (1) saline + no challenge (control), (2) saline + LPS, (3) carvacrol + no challenge, (4) carvacrol + LPS. Hatchability and performance parameters were determined before, and organ weights after the LPS challenge. Immune-related gene expression was assessed in the jejunum and spleen post-challenge. At d7, the carvacrol-treated group had lower FI (Δ11 g, P = 0.02) compared to the saline group. In the jejunum, a significant interaction (P = 0.003) was found between in ovo treatment and LPS challenge for IFN-γ expression, which was highest in the saline + LPS and carvacrol + no challenge groups. Carvacrol delivery resulted in lower IL-8 (P = 0.03) and IκB (P = 0.04) expression, regardless of LPS challenge. In the spleen, a significant interaction (P = 0.03) showed that carvacrol downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, observed in the saline + LPS group. For NF-κB and TLR4, LPS challenge did not affect saline-treated chickens, but lowered expression of these genes in carvacrol-treated chickens (P = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). IFN-γ expression did not differ between in ovo delivery treatments after LPS challenge but was higher (P = 0.02) in the carvacrol-treated chickens than in the saline-treated chickens for the non-challenged groups. These findings indicate an anti-inflammatory effect of in ovo carvacrol delivery by inhibiting LPS-induced downregulation of NF-κB and mitigating IL-1β and TNF-α expression. Carvacrol stimulated IFN-γ expression, potentially modulating adaptive immune responses. In conclusion, in ovo carvacrol delivery could mitigate release of key inflammatory cytokines, while increasing IFN-γ. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-23f2a7b8c1da4cd183802f9a020e2028 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0032-5791 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Poultry Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-23f2a7b8c1da4cd183802f9a020e20282025-08-20T02:52:20ZengElsevierPoultry Science0032-57912025-03-01104310488110.1016/j.psj.2025.104881The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicksMila M.Y. Meijer0Henry van den Brand1Marta Navarro2Eugeni Roura3Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, AustraliaAdaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, the NetherlandsQueensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, AustraliaQueensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Australia; Corresponding author at: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.The broiler chickens’ immune system fully develops a few weeks after hatching, leaving them susceptible to disease during the early post-hatching phase. This study investigated effects of in ovo delivery of carvacrol on the expression of immune-related genes following an Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge at d7 post-hatch. The experiment was designed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two in ovo treatments (saline or carvacrol) and two LPS challenged groups (yes or no): (1) saline + no challenge (control), (2) saline + LPS, (3) carvacrol + no challenge, (4) carvacrol + LPS. Hatchability and performance parameters were determined before, and organ weights after the LPS challenge. Immune-related gene expression was assessed in the jejunum and spleen post-challenge. At d7, the carvacrol-treated group had lower FI (Δ11 g, P = 0.02) compared to the saline group. In the jejunum, a significant interaction (P = 0.003) was found between in ovo treatment and LPS challenge for IFN-γ expression, which was highest in the saline + LPS and carvacrol + no challenge groups. Carvacrol delivery resulted in lower IL-8 (P = 0.03) and IκB (P = 0.04) expression, regardless of LPS challenge. In the spleen, a significant interaction (P = 0.03) showed that carvacrol downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, observed in the saline + LPS group. For NF-κB and TLR4, LPS challenge did not affect saline-treated chickens, but lowered expression of these genes in carvacrol-treated chickens (P = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). IFN-γ expression did not differ between in ovo delivery treatments after LPS challenge but was higher (P = 0.02) in the carvacrol-treated chickens than in the saline-treated chickens for the non-challenged groups. These findings indicate an anti-inflammatory effect of in ovo carvacrol delivery by inhibiting LPS-induced downregulation of NF-κB and mitigating IL-1β and TNF-α expression. Carvacrol stimulated IFN-γ expression, potentially modulating adaptive immune responses. In conclusion, in ovo carvacrol delivery could mitigate release of key inflammatory cytokines, while increasing IFN-γ.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912500118XCarvacrolImmune systemBroiler embryoIn OvoEssential oil |
| spellingShingle | Mila M.Y. Meijer Henry van den Brand Marta Navarro Eugeni Roura The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks Poultry Science Carvacrol Immune system Broiler embryo In Ovo Essential oil |
| title | The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks |
| title_full | The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks |
| title_fullStr | The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks |
| title_full_unstemmed | The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks |
| title_short | The inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks |
| title_sort | inflammatory response to escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is mitigated by in ovo delivery of carvacrol in broiler chicks |
| topic | Carvacrol Immune system Broiler embryo In Ovo Essential oil |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912500118X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT milamymeijer theinflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks AT henryvandenbrand theinflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks AT martanavarro theinflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks AT eugeniroura theinflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks AT milamymeijer inflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks AT henryvandenbrand inflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks AT martanavarro inflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks AT eugeniroura inflammatoryresponsetoescherichiacolilipopolysaccharideismitigatedbyinovodeliveryofcarvacrolinbroilerchicks |