Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload

Abstract Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDH‐EI) can be used as an efficient technique to directly embed additional data in the encrypted domain without violating privacy. In this study, a multi‐MSB (most significant bit) prediction‐based RDH‐EI scheme is proposed, which is completely re...

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Main Author: Dawen Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-07-01
Series:IET Information Security
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1049/ise2.12062
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author Dawen Xu
author_facet Dawen Xu
author_sort Dawen Xu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDH‐EI) can be used as an efficient technique to directly embed additional data in the encrypted domain without violating privacy. In this study, a multi‐MSB (most significant bit) prediction‐based RDH‐EI scheme is proposed, which is completely reversible and has high embedding payload. An improved gradient adjustment predictor (GAP) is used for pixel prediction. A binary location map is employed to store the location of the prediction errors. Subsequently, pre‐processing is performed on accurately predicted pixels in the original image to store the prediction difference. The pre‐processed image is encrypted using a stream cipher, and then the data hider can substitute multi‐MSB values of each available pixel in encrypted image with secret message bits to obtain the marked encrypted image. On the recipient side, the secret message can be extracted without any error and the original image can be reconstructed losslessly. Experimental results show that not only the embedding payload is improved but also the hidden data can be extracted accurately, and the cover image can be recovered perfectly.
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spelling doaj-art-23e3b2f2d00d47e69d464d06ce4f22772025-02-03T01:31:54ZengWileyIET Information Security1751-87091751-87172022-07-0116430131310.1049/ise2.12062Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payloadDawen Xu0School of Electronics and Information Engineering Ningbo University of Technology Ningbo ChinaAbstract Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDH‐EI) can be used as an efficient technique to directly embed additional data in the encrypted domain without violating privacy. In this study, a multi‐MSB (most significant bit) prediction‐based RDH‐EI scheme is proposed, which is completely reversible and has high embedding payload. An improved gradient adjustment predictor (GAP) is used for pixel prediction. A binary location map is employed to store the location of the prediction errors. Subsequently, pre‐processing is performed on accurately predicted pixels in the original image to store the prediction difference. The pre‐processed image is encrypted using a stream cipher, and then the data hider can substitute multi‐MSB values of each available pixel in encrypted image with secret message bits to obtain the marked encrypted image. On the recipient side, the secret message can be extracted without any error and the original image can be reconstructed losslessly. Experimental results show that not only the embedding payload is improved but also the hidden data can be extracted accurately, and the cover image can be recovered perfectly.https://doi.org/10.1049/ise2.12062high payloadimage encryptionmulti‐MSB predictionprivacy protectionreversible data hiding
spellingShingle Dawen Xu
Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload
IET Information Security
high payload
image encryption
multi‐MSB prediction
privacy protection
reversible data hiding
title Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload
title_full Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload
title_fullStr Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload
title_full_unstemmed Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload
title_short Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload
title_sort reversible data hiding in encrypted images with high payload
topic high payload
image encryption
multi‐MSB prediction
privacy protection
reversible data hiding
url https://doi.org/10.1049/ise2.12062
work_keys_str_mv AT dawenxu reversibledatahidinginencryptedimageswithhighpayload