A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry
Identifying precursory phenomena is central to the short-range assessment and anticipation of volcanic hazards. The chemistry of gases, which may separate from magma at depth, is operationally monitored at many volcanoes worldwide to manage risk. However, owing to the complexity of volcanic degassin...
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Académie des sciences
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |
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| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.158/ |
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| author | Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno |
| author_facet | Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno |
| author_sort | Moussallam, Yves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Identifying precursory phenomena is central to the short-range assessment and anticipation of volcanic hazards. The chemistry of gases, which may separate from magma at depth, is operationally monitored at many volcanoes worldwide to manage risk. However, owing to the complexity of volcanic degassing, decoding the message of gas geochemistry has proven challenging. Here, we report an approach to restoration of measured volcanic gas compositions that enables tracking of variations in the temperature and/or oxidation state of the source magma. We validate the approach with reference to independent estimates of melt oxidation state obtained by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the iron K-edge. We then apply the method to a global database of high temperature volcanic gases and to extended gas geochemical timeseries at Unzen, Aso, and Asama volcanoes, identifying hitherto unreported but significant changes in magma intensive parameters that preceded or accompanied changes in volcanic activity. Restoration of volcanic gas compositions offers a promising complement to monitoring strategies at active volcanoes, calling for more systematic operational surveillance of redox-sensitive gas species. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-23d7d29474774138a48a50b99d032c24 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1778-7025 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Académie des sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-23d7d29474774138a48a50b99d032c242025-02-07T10:41:28ZengAcadémie des sciencesComptes Rendus. Géoscience1778-70252022-10-01356S1718410.5802/crgeos.15810.5802/crgeos.158A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistryMoussallam, Yves0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4707-8943Oppenheimer, Clive1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-7260Scaillet, Bruno2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-0226Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, USADepartment of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UKISTO, 7327 Université d’Orléans-CNRS-BRGM, 1A rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, FranceIdentifying precursory phenomena is central to the short-range assessment and anticipation of volcanic hazards. The chemistry of gases, which may separate from magma at depth, is operationally monitored at many volcanoes worldwide to manage risk. However, owing to the complexity of volcanic degassing, decoding the message of gas geochemistry has proven challenging. Here, we report an approach to restoration of measured volcanic gas compositions that enables tracking of variations in the temperature and/or oxidation state of the source magma. We validate the approach with reference to independent estimates of melt oxidation state obtained by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the iron K-edge. We then apply the method to a global database of high temperature volcanic gases and to extended gas geochemical timeseries at Unzen, Aso, and Asama volcanoes, identifying hitherto unreported but significant changes in magma intensive parameters that preceded or accompanied changes in volcanic activity. Restoration of volcanic gas compositions offers a promising complement to monitoring strategies at active volcanoes, calling for more systematic operational surveillance of redox-sensitive gas species.https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.158/Oxygen fugacityVolcanic degassingVolcanic gasesRedoxVolcano monitoringGas geochemistry |
| spellingShingle | Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry Comptes Rendus. Géoscience Oxygen fugacity Volcanic degassing Volcanic gases Redox Volcano monitoring Gas geochemistry |
| title | A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry |
| title_full | A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry |
| title_fullStr | A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry |
| title_full_unstemmed | A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry |
| title_short | A novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry |
| title_sort | novel approach to volcano surveillance using gas geochemistry |
| topic | Oxygen fugacity Volcanic degassing Volcanic gases Redox Volcano monitoring Gas geochemistry |
| url | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.158/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT moussallamyves anovelapproachtovolcanosurveillanceusinggasgeochemistry AT oppenheimerclive anovelapproachtovolcanosurveillanceusinggasgeochemistry AT scailletbruno anovelapproachtovolcanosurveillanceusinggasgeochemistry AT moussallamyves novelapproachtovolcanosurveillanceusinggasgeochemistry AT oppenheimerclive novelapproachtovolcanosurveillanceusinggasgeochemistry AT scailletbruno novelapproachtovolcanosurveillanceusinggasgeochemistry |