Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase Compensation

Spaceborne radar imaging is the key means to obtain the fine-resolution radar image of space targets. However, the nonuniform relative rotational motion caused by the high-speed orbital state leads to the degradation of the radar imaging performance. To address this problem, a fine-resolution spaceb...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: He Li, Rui Cao, Tianyuan Yang, Pingping Lu, Yijiang Nan, Robert Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11048690/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849316771765420032
author He Li
Rui Cao
Tianyuan Yang
Pingping Lu
Yijiang Nan
Robert Wang
author_facet He Li
Rui Cao
Tianyuan Yang
Pingping Lu
Yijiang Nan
Robert Wang
author_sort He Li
collection DOAJ
description Spaceborne radar imaging is the key means to obtain the fine-resolution radar image of space targets. However, the nonuniform relative rotational motion caused by the high-speed orbital state leads to the degradation of the radar imaging performance. To address this problem, a fine-resolution spaceborne radar imaging method of space targets with parametric second-order scaling (PSOS) and high-order spatial-variant phase compensation is proposed in this article. First, an accurate echo signal model that has higher precision than the existing methods is derived, which considers the spatial-variant second-order migration through range cell (MTRC) and high-order phase error (SVPE). Then, the problem of the relative rotational motion parameters estimation is transformed as the optimization solution in the Doppler domain, and an efficient rotational motion estimation method with the time–frequency ridge extraction and Levenberg–Marquardt (L–M) algorithm is proposed. On this basis, a PSOS operation is proposed to correct the spatial-variant second-order MTRC. Afterward, a parametric high-order SVPE compensation function is introduced to achieve the azimuth focus. Finally, a fine-resolution spaceborne radar image of the space target can be obtained. The results of the simulated and measured data verify the advantages of the proposed method.
format Article
id doaj-art-23863992fe694f15b64c37fd706ad5d6
institution Kabale University
issn 1939-1404
2151-1535
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IEEE
record_format Article
series IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
spelling doaj-art-23863992fe694f15b64c37fd706ad5d62025-08-20T03:51:29ZengIEEEIEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing1939-14042151-15352025-01-0118172811729610.1109/JSTARS.2025.358259611048690Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase CompensationHe Li0https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0602-966XRui Cao1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-7673Tianyuan Yang2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6010-7876Pingping Lu3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-7580Yijiang Nan4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1745-117XRobert Wang5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9850-7015National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSpaceborne radar imaging is the key means to obtain the fine-resolution radar image of space targets. However, the nonuniform relative rotational motion caused by the high-speed orbital state leads to the degradation of the radar imaging performance. To address this problem, a fine-resolution spaceborne radar imaging method of space targets with parametric second-order scaling (PSOS) and high-order spatial-variant phase compensation is proposed in this article. First, an accurate echo signal model that has higher precision than the existing methods is derived, which considers the spatial-variant second-order migration through range cell (MTRC) and high-order phase error (SVPE). Then, the problem of the relative rotational motion parameters estimation is transformed as the optimization solution in the Doppler domain, and an efficient rotational motion estimation method with the time–frequency ridge extraction and Levenberg–Marquardt (L–M) algorithm is proposed. On this basis, a PSOS operation is proposed to correct the spatial-variant second-order MTRC. Afterward, a parametric high-order SVPE compensation function is introduced to achieve the azimuth focus. Finally, a fine-resolution spaceborne radar image of the space target can be obtained. The results of the simulated and measured data verify the advantages of the proposed method.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11048690/Migration through range cell compensationmotion parameters estimationspaceborne radar imagingspatial-variant phase error compensationsynthetic aperture radar (SAR)
spellingShingle He Li
Rui Cao
Tianyuan Yang
Pingping Lu
Yijiang Nan
Robert Wang
Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase Compensation
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
Migration through range cell compensation
motion parameters estimation
spaceborne radar imaging
spatial-variant phase error compensation
synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
title Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase Compensation
title_full Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase Compensation
title_fullStr Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase Compensation
title_full_unstemmed Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase Compensation
title_short Fine-Resolution Spaceborne Radar Imaging of Space Targets With Parametric Second-Order Scaling and High-Order Spatial-Variant Phase Compensation
title_sort fine resolution spaceborne radar imaging of space targets with parametric second order scaling and high order spatial variant phase compensation
topic Migration through range cell compensation
motion parameters estimation
spaceborne radar imaging
spatial-variant phase error compensation
synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11048690/
work_keys_str_mv AT heli fineresolutionspaceborneradarimagingofspacetargetswithparametricsecondorderscalingandhighorderspatialvariantphasecompensation
AT ruicao fineresolutionspaceborneradarimagingofspacetargetswithparametricsecondorderscalingandhighorderspatialvariantphasecompensation
AT tianyuanyang fineresolutionspaceborneradarimagingofspacetargetswithparametricsecondorderscalingandhighorderspatialvariantphasecompensation
AT pingpinglu fineresolutionspaceborneradarimagingofspacetargetswithparametricsecondorderscalingandhighorderspatialvariantphasecompensation
AT yijiangnan fineresolutionspaceborneradarimagingofspacetargetswithparametricsecondorderscalingandhighorderspatialvariantphasecompensation
AT robertwang fineresolutionspaceborneradarimagingofspacetargetswithparametricsecondorderscalingandhighorderspatialvariantphasecompensation