Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational Study

<b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between osteoporosis and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden in stroke-free individuals, as well as its specific imaging markers, including lacunes, enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs), white matter hyperintensi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xueling Xiao, Luling Chen, Manxiang Deng, Jingqi Liu, Jiayan Cai, Chuhan Su
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Geriatrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3417/10/3/66
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850167611123302400
author Xueling Xiao
Luling Chen
Manxiang Deng
Jingqi Liu
Jiayan Cai
Chuhan Su
author_facet Xueling Xiao
Luling Chen
Manxiang Deng
Jingqi Liu
Jiayan Cai
Chuhan Su
author_sort Xueling Xiao
collection DOAJ
description <b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between osteoporosis and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden in stroke-free individuals, as well as its specific imaging markers, including lacunes, enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), and brain atrophy (BA). <b>Methods</b>: A total of 684 stroke-free patients who underwent both bone mineral density (BMD) assessments and brain MRI were included. Clinical data, CSVD burden scores, imaging markers of CSVD, and bone density parameters were collected. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between BMD and CSVD burden and imaging markers. <b>Results</b>: Osteoporosis, including hip and vertebral osteoporosis, was independently associated with CSVD burden (OR = 2.332, 95%CI: [1.345, 4.039], <i>p</i> = 0.003; OR = 2.598, 95%CI: [1.540, 4.384], <i>p</i> < 0.001; OR = 1.515, 95%CI: [1.010, 2.272], <i>p</i> = 0.044). Increased BMD in the hip and spine correlated with reduced CSVD burden (OR = 0.929, 95%CI: [0.887, 0.972], <i>p</i> = 0.001; OR = 0.952, 95%CI: [0.917, 0.989], <i>p</i> = 0.012). Hip osteoporosis was a risk factor for lacunes (OR = 2.215, 95%CI: [1.197, 4.1], <i>p</i> = 0.011), multiple lacunes (OR = 2.274, 95%CI: [1.039, 4.980], <i>p</i> = 0.04), severe WMH (OR = 2.611, 95%CI: [1.171, 5.823], <i>p</i> = 0.019), and EPVS ≥ 2 (OR = 1.99, 95%CI: [1.133, 3.495], <i>p</i> = 0.017). No significant association was found between osteoporosis and BA (<i>p</i> = 0.928). In sex-stratified analyses, both hip and vertebral osteoporosis were independently associated with a higher CSVD burden in female patients (hip: OR = 2.529, 95%CI: [1.122, 5.703], <i>p</i> = 0.025; vertebral: OR = 3.129, 95%CI: [1.517, 6.455], <i>p</i> = 0.002; general osteoporosis: OR = 1.755, 95%CI: [1.057, 2.912], <i>p</i> = 0.03), whereas no significant association was observed in male patients (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusions</b>: Osteoporosis was independently associated with an increased burden of CSVD, particularly evident in female patients. These findings suggest that bone health may be important in CSVD management, particularly for women.
format Article
id doaj-art-235773af4a3e4ed0ae5ac53c72dd324f
institution OA Journals
issn 2308-3417
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Geriatrics
spelling doaj-art-235773af4a3e4ed0ae5ac53c72dd324f2025-08-20T02:21:10ZengMDPI AGGeriatrics2308-34172025-05-011036610.3390/geriatrics10030066Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational StudyXueling Xiao0Luling Chen1Manxiang Deng2Jingqi Liu3Jiayan Cai4Chuhan Su5Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, ChinaDepartment of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, ChinaDepartment of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, ChinaDepartment of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, ChinaDepartment of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China<b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between osteoporosis and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden in stroke-free individuals, as well as its specific imaging markers, including lacunes, enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), and brain atrophy (BA). <b>Methods</b>: A total of 684 stroke-free patients who underwent both bone mineral density (BMD) assessments and brain MRI were included. Clinical data, CSVD burden scores, imaging markers of CSVD, and bone density parameters were collected. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between BMD and CSVD burden and imaging markers. <b>Results</b>: Osteoporosis, including hip and vertebral osteoporosis, was independently associated with CSVD burden (OR = 2.332, 95%CI: [1.345, 4.039], <i>p</i> = 0.003; OR = 2.598, 95%CI: [1.540, 4.384], <i>p</i> < 0.001; OR = 1.515, 95%CI: [1.010, 2.272], <i>p</i> = 0.044). Increased BMD in the hip and spine correlated with reduced CSVD burden (OR = 0.929, 95%CI: [0.887, 0.972], <i>p</i> = 0.001; OR = 0.952, 95%CI: [0.917, 0.989], <i>p</i> = 0.012). Hip osteoporosis was a risk factor for lacunes (OR = 2.215, 95%CI: [1.197, 4.1], <i>p</i> = 0.011), multiple lacunes (OR = 2.274, 95%CI: [1.039, 4.980], <i>p</i> = 0.04), severe WMH (OR = 2.611, 95%CI: [1.171, 5.823], <i>p</i> = 0.019), and EPVS ≥ 2 (OR = 1.99, 95%CI: [1.133, 3.495], <i>p</i> = 0.017). No significant association was found between osteoporosis and BA (<i>p</i> = 0.928). In sex-stratified analyses, both hip and vertebral osteoporosis were independently associated with a higher CSVD burden in female patients (hip: OR = 2.529, 95%CI: [1.122, 5.703], <i>p</i> = 0.025; vertebral: OR = 3.129, 95%CI: [1.517, 6.455], <i>p</i> = 0.002; general osteoporosis: OR = 1.755, 95%CI: [1.057, 2.912], <i>p</i> = 0.03), whereas no significant association was observed in male patients (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusions</b>: Osteoporosis was independently associated with an increased burden of CSVD, particularly evident in female patients. These findings suggest that bone health may be important in CSVD management, particularly for women.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3417/10/3/66cerebral small vessel diseaseneuroimaging markersbone mineral densityosteoporosisosteopenia
spellingShingle Xueling Xiao
Luling Chen
Manxiang Deng
Jingqi Liu
Jiayan Cai
Chuhan Su
Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational Study
Geriatrics
cerebral small vessel disease
neuroimaging markers
bone mineral density
osteoporosis
osteopenia
title Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_full Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_fullStr Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_full_unstemmed Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_short Osteoporosis Is Associated with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Individuals: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_sort osteoporosis is associated with cerebral small vessel disease in stroke free individuals a retrospective observational study
topic cerebral small vessel disease
neuroimaging markers
bone mineral density
osteoporosis
osteopenia
url https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3417/10/3/66
work_keys_str_mv AT xuelingxiao osteoporosisisassociatedwithcerebralsmallvesseldiseaseinstrokefreeindividualsaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT lulingchen osteoporosisisassociatedwithcerebralsmallvesseldiseaseinstrokefreeindividualsaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT manxiangdeng osteoporosisisassociatedwithcerebralsmallvesseldiseaseinstrokefreeindividualsaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT jingqiliu osteoporosisisassociatedwithcerebralsmallvesseldiseaseinstrokefreeindividualsaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT jiayancai osteoporosisisassociatedwithcerebralsmallvesseldiseaseinstrokefreeindividualsaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT chuhansu osteoporosisisassociatedwithcerebralsmallvesseldiseaseinstrokefreeindividualsaretrospectiveobservationalstudy