Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnets

We present a novel method for measuring the modulation of magnetic anisotropy and the strength of spin–orbit interaction by an electrical current in nanomagnets. Our systematic study explores the current dependencies of these properties across a variety of nanomagnets with different structures, comp...

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Main Author: Vadym Zayets
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AIP Publishing LLC 2025-01-01
Series:AIP Advances
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0247531
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author Vadym Zayets
author_facet Vadym Zayets
author_sort Vadym Zayets
collection DOAJ
description We present a novel method for measuring the modulation of magnetic anisotropy and the strength of spin–orbit interaction by an electrical current in nanomagnets. Our systematic study explores the current dependencies of these properties across a variety of nanomagnets with different structures, compositions, and sizes, providing unprecedented insights into the complex physical origins of this effect. We identified two distinct contributions to the observed current modulation: one proportional to the current and the other to the square of the current. The squared-current contribution, originating from the spin Hall effect, uniquely accumulates the strength with an increasing number of interfaces, resulting in exceptionally large current modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction in multilayer nanomagnets. Conversely, the linear-current contribution stems from the ordinary and anomalous Hall effects and exhibits opposite polarity at different interfaces, making it significant only in asymmetrical single-layer nanomagnets. The squared-current contribution induces substantial anisotropy field changes, up to 30%–50% at typical magnetic random access memory (MRAM) recording currents, leading to thermally activated magnetization reversal and data recording. The linear-current contribution, while smaller, is effective for parametric magnetization reversal, providing sufficient modulation for efficient data recording through resonance mechanisms. This finding highlights the complex nature of spin accumulation and spin dynamics at the nanoscale, presenting an opportunity for further optimization of data recording in MRAM technology.
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spelling doaj-art-232cc9040cd642c89e7324326d2911432025-02-03T16:40:43ZengAIP Publishing LLCAIP Advances2158-32262025-01-01151015331015331-910.1063/5.0247531Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnetsVadym Zayets0National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanWe present a novel method for measuring the modulation of magnetic anisotropy and the strength of spin–orbit interaction by an electrical current in nanomagnets. Our systematic study explores the current dependencies of these properties across a variety of nanomagnets with different structures, compositions, and sizes, providing unprecedented insights into the complex physical origins of this effect. We identified two distinct contributions to the observed current modulation: one proportional to the current and the other to the square of the current. The squared-current contribution, originating from the spin Hall effect, uniquely accumulates the strength with an increasing number of interfaces, resulting in exceptionally large current modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction in multilayer nanomagnets. Conversely, the linear-current contribution stems from the ordinary and anomalous Hall effects and exhibits opposite polarity at different interfaces, making it significant only in asymmetrical single-layer nanomagnets. The squared-current contribution induces substantial anisotropy field changes, up to 30%–50% at typical magnetic random access memory (MRAM) recording currents, leading to thermally activated magnetization reversal and data recording. The linear-current contribution, while smaller, is effective for parametric magnetization reversal, providing sufficient modulation for efficient data recording through resonance mechanisms. This finding highlights the complex nature of spin accumulation and spin dynamics at the nanoscale, presenting an opportunity for further optimization of data recording in MRAM technology.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0247531
spellingShingle Vadym Zayets
Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnets
AIP Advances
title Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnets
title_full Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnets
title_fullStr Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnets
title_full_unstemmed Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnets
title_short Modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin–orbit interaction by electrical current in FeCoB nanomagnets
title_sort modulation of magnetic anisotropy and spin orbit interaction by electrical current in fecob nanomagnets
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0247531
work_keys_str_mv AT vadymzayets modulationofmagneticanisotropyandspinorbitinteractionbyelectricalcurrentinfecobnanomagnets