Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatment
Blepharospasm (BS) is one of the diseases characterized exclusively by involuntary face movements (facial hyperkinesis). Typical clinical manifestations include squinting or increased blinking. Among frequent patients’ complains at the disease onset are unpleasant irritations, a foreign body sensati...
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2020-01-01
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| author | A. R. Artemenko O. A. Shavlovskaya E. R. Mkhitaryan |
| author_facet | A. R. Artemenko O. A. Shavlovskaya E. R. Mkhitaryan |
| author_sort | A. R. Artemenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blepharospasm (BS) is one of the diseases characterized exclusively by involuntary face movements (facial hyperkinesis). Typical clinical manifestations include squinting or increased blinking. Among frequent patients’ complains at the disease onset are unpleasant irritations, a foreign body sensation, itching, dry eyes, and frequent blinking. Dynamism is a typical BS feature: 1) it increases during emotional stress, in stressful situations, during fatigue, eye strain (reading), in bright light; 2) disappears while sleeping; 3) decreases after waking up; 4) «corrective gestures», such as touching skin of the eyelids, paraorbital regions and glabellar region, wearing glasses, chewing or absorbing sweets, other arbitrary movements, affect BS. Botulinum therapy (botulinum toxin type A (BtA) injections, in particular using Relatox, the effectiveness of which has been demonstrated in clinical studies) is considered the «gold standard» in BS treatment. BtA is injected mainly into the orbicular muscle of eye, superficially, into the upper, lower eyelids and outer eye corner. The clinical effect occurs quickly, already in the first week after injection and lasts 3 months or more. Cases of botulinum therapy inefficiency in treating BS and other facial hyperkinesis are extremely rare.The article describes BS main clinical aspects, BtA injection schemes as well as adverse events during the therapy. Electromyography is not mandatory to assess BtA effectiveness in BS treatment, but it is necessary in cases of inefficient therapy, adverse events or the therapy complications. It is particularly important to strictly comply with recommended BtA doses, and that the drug is injected by a certified specialist only. Botulinum therapy for BS patients is a highly effective and, in most cases, the only treatment with a good safety profile. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-232ada58f258474fb7478b0c9a22f2a1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1818-8338 |
| language | Russian |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | ABV-press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Klinicist |
| spelling | doaj-art-232ada58f258474fb7478b0c9a22f2a12025-08-20T04:00:43ZrusABV-pressKlinicist1818-83382020-01-01133-4435210.17650/1818-8338-2019-13-3-4-43-52330Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatmentA. R. Artemenko0O. A. Shavlovskaya1E. R. Mkhitaryan2Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaSechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaBlepharospasm (BS) is one of the diseases characterized exclusively by involuntary face movements (facial hyperkinesis). Typical clinical manifestations include squinting or increased blinking. Among frequent patients’ complains at the disease onset are unpleasant irritations, a foreign body sensation, itching, dry eyes, and frequent blinking. Dynamism is a typical BS feature: 1) it increases during emotional stress, in stressful situations, during fatigue, eye strain (reading), in bright light; 2) disappears while sleeping; 3) decreases after waking up; 4) «corrective gestures», such as touching skin of the eyelids, paraorbital regions and glabellar region, wearing glasses, chewing or absorbing sweets, other arbitrary movements, affect BS. Botulinum therapy (botulinum toxin type A (BtA) injections, in particular using Relatox, the effectiveness of which has been demonstrated in clinical studies) is considered the «gold standard» in BS treatment. BtA is injected mainly into the orbicular muscle of eye, superficially, into the upper, lower eyelids and outer eye corner. The clinical effect occurs quickly, already in the first week after injection and lasts 3 months or more. Cases of botulinum therapy inefficiency in treating BS and other facial hyperkinesis are extremely rare.The article describes BS main clinical aspects, BtA injection schemes as well as adverse events during the therapy. Electromyography is not mandatory to assess BtA effectiveness in BS treatment, but it is necessary in cases of inefficient therapy, adverse events or the therapy complications. It is particularly important to strictly comply with recommended BtA doses, and that the drug is injected by a certified specialist only. Botulinum therapy for BS patients is a highly effective and, in most cases, the only treatment with a good safety profile.https://klinitsist.abvpress.ru/Klin/article/view/407facial hyperkinesisdystoniacranial dystoniablepharospasmfacial musclesbotulinum toxinbotulinum therapyadverse eventsrelatox |
| spellingShingle | A. R. Artemenko O. A. Shavlovskaya E. R. Mkhitaryan Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatment Klinicist facial hyperkinesis dystonia cranial dystonia blepharospasm facial muscles botulinum toxin botulinum therapy adverse events relatox |
| title | Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatment |
| title_full | Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatment |
| title_fullStr | Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatment |
| title_short | Specificity of using botulinic toxin type A for blepharospasm treatment |
| title_sort | specificity of using botulinic toxin type a for blepharospasm treatment |
| topic | facial hyperkinesis dystonia cranial dystonia blepharospasm facial muscles botulinum toxin botulinum therapy adverse events relatox |
| url | https://klinitsist.abvpress.ru/Klin/article/view/407 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arartemenko specificityofusingbotulinictoxintypeaforblepharospasmtreatment AT oashavlovskaya specificityofusingbotulinictoxintypeaforblepharospasmtreatment AT ermkhitaryan specificityofusingbotulinictoxintypeaforblepharospasmtreatment |