Levetiracetam versus phenytoin/fosphenytoin for second-line treatment of children with convulsive status epilepticus: an up-to-date meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus phenytoin/fosphenytoin as second-line treatments in children with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE).MethodsA systematic search identified randomized controlled trials comparing levetiracetam with phenytoin/fosphenytoin to treat CS...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Linping Jin, Zhiping Jin, Zhijiang Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Neurology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1580329/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus phenytoin/fosphenytoin as second-line treatments in children with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE).MethodsA systematic search identified randomized controlled trials comparing levetiracetam with phenytoin/fosphenytoin to treat CSE in children. Fourteen studies involving 2,197 patients were included in the meta-analysis.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the two treatments regarding seizure cessation (odds ratio (OR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.94–1.48; p = 0.16) or time to clinical seizure termination (mean difference: −0.10, 95% CI: −0.61 to 0.40; p = 0.69). However, levetiracetam was associated with significantly fewer seizure recurrences (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.84; p = 0.003) and adverse events (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37–0.94; p = 0.03) compared with phenytoin/fosphenytoin. No significant differences were observed in the need for mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission, or hospital length of stay.ConclusionLevetiracetam is as effective as phenytoin/fosphenytoin to control seizures in children with CSE and is associated with fewer seizure recurrences and adverse events.
ISSN:1664-2295