Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcase
Despite their simplicity, quantum harmonic oscillators are ubiquitous in the modeling of physical systems. They are able to capture universal properties that serve as references for the more complex systems found in nature. In this spirit, we apply a model of a Hamiltonian for open quantum systems i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AIP Publishing LLC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | APL Quantum |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0251102 |
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| _version_ | 1849768390424526848 |
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| author | Benedikt M. Reible Ana Djurdjevac Luigi Delle Site |
| author_facet | Benedikt M. Reible Ana Djurdjevac Luigi Delle Site |
| author_sort | Benedikt M. Reible |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite their simplicity, quantum harmonic oscillators are ubiquitous in the modeling of physical systems. They are able to capture universal properties that serve as references for the more complex systems found in nature. In this spirit, we apply a model of a Hamiltonian for open quantum systems in equilibrium with a particle reservoir to ensembles of quantum oscillators. By treating (i) a dilute gas of vibrating particles and (ii) a chain of coupled oscillators as showcases, we demonstrate that the property of varying numbers of particles leads to a mandatory condition on the energy of the system. In particular, the chemical potential plays the role of a parameter of control that can externally manipulate the spectrum of a system and the corresponding accessible quantum states. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-22fa96d388ef4d0aa9aa863933a4592a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2835-0103 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | AIP Publishing LLC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | APL Quantum |
| spelling | doaj-art-22fa96d388ef4d0aa9aa863933a4592a2025-08-20T03:03:49ZengAIP Publishing LLCAPL Quantum2835-01032025-03-0121016124016124-1010.1063/5.0251102Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcaseBenedikt M. Reible0Ana Djurdjevac1Luigi Delle Site2Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität Berlin, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität Berlin, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, GermanyDespite their simplicity, quantum harmonic oscillators are ubiquitous in the modeling of physical systems. They are able to capture universal properties that serve as references for the more complex systems found in nature. In this spirit, we apply a model of a Hamiltonian for open quantum systems in equilibrium with a particle reservoir to ensembles of quantum oscillators. By treating (i) a dilute gas of vibrating particles and (ii) a chain of coupled oscillators as showcases, we demonstrate that the property of varying numbers of particles leads to a mandatory condition on the energy of the system. In particular, the chemical potential plays the role of a parameter of control that can externally manipulate the spectrum of a system and the corresponding accessible quantum states.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0251102 |
| spellingShingle | Benedikt M. Reible Ana Djurdjevac Luigi Delle Site Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcase APL Quantum |
| title | Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcase |
| title_full | Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcase |
| title_fullStr | Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcase |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcase |
| title_short | Chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state: Quantum oscillators as a showcase |
| title_sort | chemical potential and variable number of particles control the quantum state quantum oscillators as a showcase |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0251102 |
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