Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical Review

Determining the shear strength of rockfill is a key task for the design and stability analysis of rockfill structures. When direct shear tests are performed, the well-established ASTM standard requires that specimen width and thickness must be at least 10 and 6 times the maximum particle size (dmax)...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Akram Deiminiat, Li Li, Feitao Zeng, Thomas Pabst, Paul Chiasson, Robert Chapuis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-01-01
Series:Advances in Civil Engineering
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8890237
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849307304587952128
author Akram Deiminiat
Li Li
Feitao Zeng
Thomas Pabst
Paul Chiasson
Robert Chapuis
author_facet Akram Deiminiat
Li Li
Feitao Zeng
Thomas Pabst
Paul Chiasson
Robert Chapuis
author_sort Akram Deiminiat
collection DOAJ
description Determining the shear strength of rockfill is a key task for the design and stability analysis of rockfill structures. When direct shear tests are performed, the well-established ASTM standard requires that specimen width and thickness must be at least 10 and 6 times the maximum particle size (dmax), respectively. When the value of dmax is very large, performing such tests in laboratory with field rockfill becomes difficult or impossible. Four scaling-down techniques were proposed in the past to obtain a modeled sample excluding oversize particles: scalping, parallel, replacement, and quadratic. It remains unclear which of the four scaling-down techniques yields reliable shear strength of field rockfill. In this paper, an extensive review is presented on existing experimental results to analyze the capacity of each scaling-down technique to determine the field rockfill shear strength. The analyses show that previous researches followed an inappropriate methodology to validate or invalidate a scaling-down technique through a direct comparison between the shear strengths of modeled and field samples. None of the four scaling-down techniques was shown to be able or unable to predict the field rockfill shear strength by extrapolation. The analyses further show that the minimum ratios of specimen size to dmax dictated by well-established standards are largely used but are too small to eliminate the specimen size effect. In most cases, this practice results in shear strength overestimation. The validity or invalidity of scaling-down techniques based on experimental results obtained by using the minimum ratios is uncertain. Recommendations are given for future studies.
format Article
id doaj-art-22f41276cece43db92e8ee4fcea211e2
institution Kabale University
issn 1687-8086
1687-8094
language English
publishDate 2020-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Advances in Civil Engineering
spelling doaj-art-22f41276cece43db92e8ee4fcea211e22025-08-20T03:54:48ZengWileyAdvances in Civil Engineering1687-80861687-80942020-01-01202010.1155/2020/88902378890237Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical ReviewAkram Deiminiat0Li Li1Feitao Zeng2Thomas Pabst3Paul Chiasson4Robert Chapuis5Research Institute on Mining and Environment (RIME UQAT-Polytechnique), Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, CanadaResearch Institute on Mining and Environment (RIME UQAT-Polytechnique), Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, CanadaResearch Institute on Mining and Environment (RIME UQAT-Polytechnique), Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, CanadaResearch Institute on Mining and Environment (RIME UQAT-Polytechnique), Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, CanadaFaculty of Engineering, Université de Moncton, Moncton, CanadaResearch Institute on Mining and Environment (RIME UQAT-Polytechnique), Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, CanadaDetermining the shear strength of rockfill is a key task for the design and stability analysis of rockfill structures. When direct shear tests are performed, the well-established ASTM standard requires that specimen width and thickness must be at least 10 and 6 times the maximum particle size (dmax), respectively. When the value of dmax is very large, performing such tests in laboratory with field rockfill becomes difficult or impossible. Four scaling-down techniques were proposed in the past to obtain a modeled sample excluding oversize particles: scalping, parallel, replacement, and quadratic. It remains unclear which of the four scaling-down techniques yields reliable shear strength of field rockfill. In this paper, an extensive review is presented on existing experimental results to analyze the capacity of each scaling-down technique to determine the field rockfill shear strength. The analyses show that previous researches followed an inappropriate methodology to validate or invalidate a scaling-down technique through a direct comparison between the shear strengths of modeled and field samples. None of the four scaling-down techniques was shown to be able or unable to predict the field rockfill shear strength by extrapolation. The analyses further show that the minimum ratios of specimen size to dmax dictated by well-established standards are largely used but are too small to eliminate the specimen size effect. In most cases, this practice results in shear strength overestimation. The validity or invalidity of scaling-down techniques based on experimental results obtained by using the minimum ratios is uncertain. Recommendations are given for future studies.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8890237
spellingShingle Akram Deiminiat
Li Li
Feitao Zeng
Thomas Pabst
Paul Chiasson
Robert Chapuis
Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical Review
Advances in Civil Engineering
title Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical Review
title_full Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical Review
title_fullStr Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical Review
title_full_unstemmed Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical Review
title_short Determination of the Shear Strength of Rockfill from Small-Scale Laboratory Shear Tests: A Critical Review
title_sort determination of the shear strength of rockfill from small scale laboratory shear tests a critical review
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8890237
work_keys_str_mv AT akramdeiminiat determinationoftheshearstrengthofrockfillfromsmallscalelaboratorysheartestsacriticalreview
AT lili determinationoftheshearstrengthofrockfillfromsmallscalelaboratorysheartestsacriticalreview
AT feitaozeng determinationoftheshearstrengthofrockfillfromsmallscalelaboratorysheartestsacriticalreview
AT thomaspabst determinationoftheshearstrengthofrockfillfromsmallscalelaboratorysheartestsacriticalreview
AT paulchiasson determinationoftheshearstrengthofrockfillfromsmallscalelaboratorysheartestsacriticalreview
AT robertchapuis determinationoftheshearstrengthofrockfillfromsmallscalelaboratorysheartestsacriticalreview