Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus Utilization
The regulatory mechanisms underlying the ‘source–sink’ relationship in Tartary buckwheat remain largely unexplored. This study selected an early-maturing, high-yield variety, ‘Zhukuzao1’ (ZKZ1), to delve into the ‘source–sink’ relationship and the regulatory mechanisms of phosphorus utilization. Com...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Xuling Chen Li Yang Chunxia Zhao Shunjiang Zhao Ziye Meng Xiaona Zhang Qijiao Chen Kesu Wei Dabing Xiang Yan Wan Yu Fan Yan Wang Chenggang Liang |
| author_facet | Xuling Chen Li Yang Chunxia Zhao Shunjiang Zhao Ziye Meng Xiaona Zhang Qijiao Chen Kesu Wei Dabing Xiang Yan Wan Yu Fan Yan Wang Chenggang Liang |
| author_sort | Xuling Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The regulatory mechanisms underlying the ‘source–sink’ relationship in Tartary buckwheat remain largely unexplored. This study selected an early-maturing, high-yield variety, ‘Zhukuzao1’ (ZKZ1), to delve into the ‘source–sink’ relationship and the regulatory mechanisms of phosphorus utilization. Compared with Jinqiao2 (JQ2), ZKZ1 matured approximately 10 days earlier, with significantly reduced chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and down-regulated <i>PSI-III</i> and <i>GBSSI</i>, indicating a reduced ‘source’. However, ZKZ1 maintained soluble sugar levels in upper leaves and increased sugar transport to seeds, promoting plant growth and yield formation. Under varying phosphorus conditions, ZKZ1 exhibited significantly higher total phosphorus content in lower (3.9~4.5-fold) and upper (1.4~1.6-fold) leaves of seedlings, along with increased phosphorus transport to upper leaves and seeds, and up-regulated <i>PHO1</i> (2.4~3.0-fold), <i>SPX3</i> (1.8~2.8-fold), <i>PAP2</i> (2.8~7.7-fold), and <i>5PTase2</i> (1.4~3.5-fold) in leaves, indicating improved phosphorus absorption, transport, and remobilization. At maturity, ZKZ1 achieved yields comparable to JQ2, with superior quality traits, including significantly increased contents of protein (glutenin, prolamin, and globulin) and flavonoids under normal phosphorus conditions. Notably, the efficient phosphorus-regulated sugar metabolism in ZKZ1 maintains yield via enhanced ‘flow’ despite photosynthesis decrease. This study highlights the potential of optimizing the ‘source–sink’ relationship and phosphorus utilization in early-maturing, high-yield Tartary buckwheat breeding. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-22e8fc3267ae4c989b81a13cb7207e0c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-22e8fc3267ae4c989b81a13cb7207e0c2025-01-24T13:17:02ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-01-0115117310.3390/agronomy15010173Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus UtilizationXuling Chen0Li Yang1Chunxia Zhao2Shunjiang Zhao3Ziye Meng4Xiaona Zhang5Qijiao Chen6Kesu Wei7Dabing Xiang8Yan Wan9Yu Fan10Yan Wang11Chenggang Liang12College of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaGuizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550003, ChinaCollege of Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaCollege of Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaCollege of Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaThe regulatory mechanisms underlying the ‘source–sink’ relationship in Tartary buckwheat remain largely unexplored. This study selected an early-maturing, high-yield variety, ‘Zhukuzao1’ (ZKZ1), to delve into the ‘source–sink’ relationship and the regulatory mechanisms of phosphorus utilization. Compared with Jinqiao2 (JQ2), ZKZ1 matured approximately 10 days earlier, with significantly reduced chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and down-regulated <i>PSI-III</i> and <i>GBSSI</i>, indicating a reduced ‘source’. However, ZKZ1 maintained soluble sugar levels in upper leaves and increased sugar transport to seeds, promoting plant growth and yield formation. Under varying phosphorus conditions, ZKZ1 exhibited significantly higher total phosphorus content in lower (3.9~4.5-fold) and upper (1.4~1.6-fold) leaves of seedlings, along with increased phosphorus transport to upper leaves and seeds, and up-regulated <i>PHO1</i> (2.4~3.0-fold), <i>SPX3</i> (1.8~2.8-fold), <i>PAP2</i> (2.8~7.7-fold), and <i>5PTase2</i> (1.4~3.5-fold) in leaves, indicating improved phosphorus absorption, transport, and remobilization. At maturity, ZKZ1 achieved yields comparable to JQ2, with superior quality traits, including significantly increased contents of protein (glutenin, prolamin, and globulin) and flavonoids under normal phosphorus conditions. Notably, the efficient phosphorus-regulated sugar metabolism in ZKZ1 maintains yield via enhanced ‘flow’ despite photosynthesis decrease. This study highlights the potential of optimizing the ‘source–sink’ relationship and phosphorus utilization in early-maturing, high-yield Tartary buckwheat breeding.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/173Tartary buckwheatsource–sink relationshipearly maturityhigh yieldphosphorus utilization |
| spellingShingle | Xuling Chen Li Yang Chunxia Zhao Shunjiang Zhao Ziye Meng Xiaona Zhang Qijiao Chen Kesu Wei Dabing Xiang Yan Wan Yu Fan Yan Wang Chenggang Liang Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus Utilization Agronomy Tartary buckwheat source–sink relationship early maturity high yield phosphorus utilization |
| title | Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus Utilization |
| title_full | Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus Utilization |
| title_fullStr | Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus Utilization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus Utilization |
| title_short | Compensation Mechanisms for Early Maturity and High Yield in Tartary Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>): A Study on ‘Source–Sink’ Relationship and Phosphorus Utilization |
| title_sort | compensation mechanisms for early maturity and high yield in tartary buckwheat i fagopyrum tataricum i a study on source sink relationship and phosphorus utilization |
| topic | Tartary buckwheat source–sink relationship early maturity high yield phosphorus utilization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/173 |
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