Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica

Abstract Background Posidonia oceanica forms extensive seagrass meadows in the Mediterranean Sea, providing key ecosystem services. However, these meadows decline due to anthropogenic pressures like anchoring and coastal development. Transplantation-based restoration has been explored for decades, y...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Arnaud Boulenger, Tânia Aires, Aschwin H. Engelen, Gerard Muyzer, Michel Marengo, Sylvie Gobert
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Environmental Microbiome
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00764-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849761161923264512
author Arnaud Boulenger
Tânia Aires
Aschwin H. Engelen
Gerard Muyzer
Michel Marengo
Sylvie Gobert
author_facet Arnaud Boulenger
Tânia Aires
Aschwin H. Engelen
Gerard Muyzer
Michel Marengo
Sylvie Gobert
author_sort Arnaud Boulenger
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Posidonia oceanica forms extensive seagrass meadows in the Mediterranean Sea, providing key ecosystem services. However, these meadows decline due to anthropogenic pressures like anchoring and coastal development. Transplantation-based restoration has been explored for decades, yet the role of the plant-associated microbiome in restoration success remains largely unknown. Results 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to investigate how different transplantation methods and donor origins influence the bacterial communities of P. oceanica cuttings two years post-transplantation. We tested three transplantation methods, iron staples, coconut fiber mats, and BESE elements, and compared them with control meadows and donor populations from two different origins: naturally uprooted storm-fragments and intermatte cuttings manually harvested from established meadows. Our results show that transplantation methods strongly shape bacterial communities in seagrass roots. Iron staples promoted microbial assemblages most similar to natural meadows, likely due to direct sediment contact enhancing recruitment of key functional bacterial orders such as Chromatiales and Desulfobacterales. In contrast, BESE elements and coconut fiber mats displayed dissimilar bacterial communities compared to control meadows, likely due to material composition and physical separation between the cuttings and the sediment. Donor origin had only subtle effects on bacterial communities’ structure, although intermatte cuttings showed higher abundances of Candidatus Thiodiazotropha, a genus thought to be involved sulfur oxidation and nitrogen fixation. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that transplantation methods strongly influence root-associated bacterial communities. Limited sediment contact in elevated substrates delayed the establishment of key functional bacteria, highlighting the importance of direct interaction with the sediment microbial pool. These results imply that restoration strategies should prioritize methods enhancing sediment–root interactions to support microbial recovery. Incorporating microbiome considerations, such as optimized substrates or microbial inoculation, could improve the resilience and long-term success of P. oceanica restoration.
format Article
id doaj-art-22e1a4bb020543ffad189cb7326d0bf3
institution DOAJ
issn 2524-6372
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Environmental Microbiome
spelling doaj-art-22e1a4bb020543ffad189cb7326d0bf32025-08-20T03:06:06ZengBMCEnvironmental Microbiome2524-63722025-08-0120111710.1186/s40793-025-00764-9Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanicaArnaud Boulenger0Tânia Aires1Aschwin H. Engelen2Gerard Muyzer3Michel Marengo4Sylvie Gobert5Laboratory of Oceanology, MARE Centre, UR FOCUS, University of LiegeCentro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMAR), Universidade do AlgarveCentro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMAR), Universidade do AlgarveMicrobial Systems Ecology, Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of AmsterdamSTAtion de REcherche Sous-marines et Océanographiques (STARESO)Laboratory of Oceanology, MARE Centre, UR FOCUS, University of LiegeAbstract Background Posidonia oceanica forms extensive seagrass meadows in the Mediterranean Sea, providing key ecosystem services. However, these meadows decline due to anthropogenic pressures like anchoring and coastal development. Transplantation-based restoration has been explored for decades, yet the role of the plant-associated microbiome in restoration success remains largely unknown. Results 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to investigate how different transplantation methods and donor origins influence the bacterial communities of P. oceanica cuttings two years post-transplantation. We tested three transplantation methods, iron staples, coconut fiber mats, and BESE elements, and compared them with control meadows and donor populations from two different origins: naturally uprooted storm-fragments and intermatte cuttings manually harvested from established meadows. Our results show that transplantation methods strongly shape bacterial communities in seagrass roots. Iron staples promoted microbial assemblages most similar to natural meadows, likely due to direct sediment contact enhancing recruitment of key functional bacterial orders such as Chromatiales and Desulfobacterales. In contrast, BESE elements and coconut fiber mats displayed dissimilar bacterial communities compared to control meadows, likely due to material composition and physical separation between the cuttings and the sediment. Donor origin had only subtle effects on bacterial communities’ structure, although intermatte cuttings showed higher abundances of Candidatus Thiodiazotropha, a genus thought to be involved sulfur oxidation and nitrogen fixation. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that transplantation methods strongly influence root-associated bacterial communities. Limited sediment contact in elevated substrates delayed the establishment of key functional bacteria, highlighting the importance of direct interaction with the sediment microbial pool. These results imply that restoration strategies should prioritize methods enhancing sediment–root interactions to support microbial recovery. Incorporating microbiome considerations, such as optimized substrates or microbial inoculation, could improve the resilience and long-term success of P. oceanica restoration.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00764-9HolobiontMicrobiomeRhizosphereRestorationSeagrassSymbiosis
spellingShingle Arnaud Boulenger
Tânia Aires
Aschwin H. Engelen
Gerard Muyzer
Michel Marengo
Sylvie Gobert
Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica
Environmental Microbiome
Holobiont
Microbiome
Rhizosphere
Restoration
Seagrass
Symbiosis
title Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica
title_full Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica
title_fullStr Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica
title_full_unstemmed Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica
title_short Microbiome matters: how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica
title_sort microbiome matters how transplantation methods and donor origins shape the successful restoration of the seagrass posidonia oceanica
topic Holobiont
Microbiome
Rhizosphere
Restoration
Seagrass
Symbiosis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00764-9
work_keys_str_mv AT arnaudboulenger microbiomemattershowtransplantationmethodsanddonororiginsshapethesuccessfulrestorationoftheseagrassposidoniaoceanica
AT taniaaires microbiomemattershowtransplantationmethodsanddonororiginsshapethesuccessfulrestorationoftheseagrassposidoniaoceanica
AT aschwinhengelen microbiomemattershowtransplantationmethodsanddonororiginsshapethesuccessfulrestorationoftheseagrassposidoniaoceanica
AT gerardmuyzer microbiomemattershowtransplantationmethodsanddonororiginsshapethesuccessfulrestorationoftheseagrassposidoniaoceanica
AT michelmarengo microbiomemattershowtransplantationmethodsanddonororiginsshapethesuccessfulrestorationoftheseagrassposidoniaoceanica
AT sylviegobert microbiomemattershowtransplantationmethodsanddonororiginsshapethesuccessfulrestorationoftheseagrassposidoniaoceanica