Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment

Millions of people worldwide rely on disposable sanitary pads, but the high concentration of fossil-based polymers in their composition has negative effects on the environment. This includes the impact of extracting raw materials and the disposal of used products. While sustainable alternatives to t...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Beatriz Aparecida Muniz Pereira, Nathalia Oliveira Martins, Sandra Cristina Dantas, Alice Medeiros de Lima
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:Sustainability Science and Technology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1088/2977-3504/adbdd2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849737347437953024
author Beatriz Aparecida Muniz Pereira
Nathalia Oliveira Martins
Sandra Cristina Dantas
Alice Medeiros de Lima
author_facet Beatriz Aparecida Muniz Pereira
Nathalia Oliveira Martins
Sandra Cristina Dantas
Alice Medeiros de Lima
author_sort Beatriz Aparecida Muniz Pereira
collection DOAJ
description Millions of people worldwide rely on disposable sanitary pads, but the high concentration of fossil-based polymers in their composition has negative effects on the environment. This includes the impact of extracting raw materials and the disposal of used products. While sustainable alternatives to traditional pads exist, they are not widely adopted due to their low level of commoditization. This makes them less attractive to companies who prioritize elevated levels of consumption. One promising alternative is the use of biopolymer-based disposable absorbents, particularly polylactic acid (PLA), that can be derived from corn starch and is biodegradable. This study used the life cycle assessment and found that using sanitary pads made with polyethylene for 1 year generates impacts about seventeen times higher compared to using absorbents made with PLA. However, PLA production contributes to higher land use and agricultural emissions. Despite these challenges, PLA remains a promising alternative due to its renewable sourcing and lower environmental footprint in key impact categories. The findings align with UN Sustainable Development Goals 3 (Good Health and Well-being), 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), and 13 (Climate Action), promoting sustainable hygiene products while mitigating environmental impacts.
format Article
id doaj-art-229cc07f10f840e59be9b130607d4f4d
institution DOAJ
issn 2977-3504
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IOP Publishing
record_format Article
series Sustainability Science and Technology
spelling doaj-art-229cc07f10f840e59be9b130607d4f4d2025-08-20T03:06:57ZengIOP PublishingSustainability Science and Technology2977-35042025-01-012202400210.1088/2977-3504/adbdd2Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessmentBeatriz Aparecida Muniz Pereira0Nathalia Oliveira Martins1Sandra Cristina Dantas2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-040XAlice Medeiros de Lima3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-1780Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos , Rod. Washington Luiz, s/n, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos , Rod. Washington Luiz, s/n, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Av. Dr Randolfo Borges Júnior, n° 1400, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos , Rod. Washington Luiz, s/n, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilMillions of people worldwide rely on disposable sanitary pads, but the high concentration of fossil-based polymers in their composition has negative effects on the environment. This includes the impact of extracting raw materials and the disposal of used products. While sustainable alternatives to traditional pads exist, they are not widely adopted due to their low level of commoditization. This makes them less attractive to companies who prioritize elevated levels of consumption. One promising alternative is the use of biopolymer-based disposable absorbents, particularly polylactic acid (PLA), that can be derived from corn starch and is biodegradable. This study used the life cycle assessment and found that using sanitary pads made with polyethylene for 1 year generates impacts about seventeen times higher compared to using absorbents made with PLA. However, PLA production contributes to higher land use and agricultural emissions. Despite these challenges, PLA remains a promising alternative due to its renewable sourcing and lower environmental footprint in key impact categories. The findings align with UN Sustainable Development Goals 3 (Good Health and Well-being), 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), and 13 (Climate Action), promoting sustainable hygiene products while mitigating environmental impacts.https://doi.org/10.1088/2977-3504/adbdd2menstrual hygiene productsfossil resource depletionbio-based materialsrenewable resourcessustainability
spellingShingle Beatriz Aparecida Muniz Pereira
Nathalia Oliveira Martins
Sandra Cristina Dantas
Alice Medeiros de Lima
Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment
Sustainability Science and Technology
menstrual hygiene products
fossil resource depletion
bio-based materials
renewable resources
sustainability
title Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment
title_full Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment
title_fullStr Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment
title_short Evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment
title_sort evaluation of the substitution of polyethylene for polylactic acid in sanitary pads through life cycle assessment
topic menstrual hygiene products
fossil resource depletion
bio-based materials
renewable resources
sustainability
url https://doi.org/10.1088/2977-3504/adbdd2
work_keys_str_mv AT beatrizaparecidamunizpereira evaluationofthesubstitutionofpolyethyleneforpolylacticacidinsanitarypadsthroughlifecycleassessment
AT nathaliaoliveiramartins evaluationofthesubstitutionofpolyethyleneforpolylacticacidinsanitarypadsthroughlifecycleassessment
AT sandracristinadantas evaluationofthesubstitutionofpolyethyleneforpolylacticacidinsanitarypadsthroughlifecycleassessment
AT alicemedeirosdelima evaluationofthesubstitutionofpolyethyleneforpolylacticacidinsanitarypadsthroughlifecycleassessment