Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation
Diseases caused by infection are a threat to human health and the world economy, with bacterial infections being responsible for a large portion of hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality, which necessitates the quest for advanced medications and/or sustainable antibacterial strategies. This stud...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Caroline Piffet Jean-Michel Thomassin Emilie Stierlin Job Tchoumtchoua Claudio Fernández Marta Mateo Leyre Hernández Kyriaki Marina Lyra Aggeliki Papavasiliou Elias Sakellis Fotios K. Katsaros Zili Sideratou Dimitris Tsiourvas |
| author_facet | Caroline Piffet Jean-Michel Thomassin Emilie Stierlin Job Tchoumtchoua Claudio Fernández Marta Mateo Leyre Hernández Kyriaki Marina Lyra Aggeliki Papavasiliou Elias Sakellis Fotios K. Katsaros Zili Sideratou Dimitris Tsiourvas |
| author_sort | Caroline Piffet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diseases caused by infection are a threat to human health and the world economy, with bacterial infections being responsible for a large portion of hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality, which necessitates the quest for advanced medications and/or sustainable antibacterial strategies. This study aims to develop bioderived chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) and ZnO nanoparticles to produce non-toxic nanohybrid materials with improved aqueous stability and enhanced antibacterial properties. These nanohybrids were formed via either (i) an ex situ route by mixing the ChNFs with ZnO nanoparticles prepared by flame spray pyrolysis or (ii) an in situ route resulting in ZnO nanoparticles being formed and embedded into ChNFs by a simple aqueous hydrothermal process, utilizing a low-cost Zn inorganic precursor. The ChNFs, the ZnO nanoparticles, and the nanohybrids were physicochemically characterized for their size, morphology, charge and stability. Their antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram (−) <i>E. coli</i> and Gram (+) <i>S. aureus</i> bacteria, while their cytocompatibility was assessed against mammalian cell lines. The obtained results reveal a balance between antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility, as both nanohybrids exhibited satisfactory antibacterial activity (MIC 200–300 μg/mL) combined with low cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines (cell viability 80–100%), indicating that their further application as safe and effective antibacterial agents is promising. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-22649df4a833479eafdb37bf464e1f7c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj-art-22649df4a833479eafdb37bf464e1f7c2025-08-20T03:46:49ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912025-05-01151180910.3390/nano15110809Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and EvaluationCaroline Piffet0Jean-Michel Thomassin1Emilie Stierlin2Job Tchoumtchoua3Claudio Fernández4Marta Mateo5Leyre Hernández6Kyriaki Marina Lyra7Aggeliki Papavasiliou8Elias Sakellis9Fotios K. Katsaros10Zili Sideratou11Dimitris Tsiourvas12Celabor, Research Center, Avenue du Parc 38, 4650 Chaineux, BelgiumCelabor, Research Center, Avenue du Parc 38, 4650 Chaineux, BelgiumCelabor, Research Center, Avenue du Parc 38, 4650 Chaineux, BelgiumCelabor, Research Center, Avenue du Parc 38, 4650 Chaineux, BelgiumLurederra, Área Industrial Perguita, C/A Nº 1, 31210 Los Arcos, Navarra, SpainLurederra, Área Industrial Perguita, C/A Nº 1, 31210 Los Arcos, Navarra, SpainLurederra, Área Industrial Perguita, C/A Nº 1, 31210 Los Arcos, Navarra, SpainInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research ‘‘Demokritos”, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceDiseases caused by infection are a threat to human health and the world economy, with bacterial infections being responsible for a large portion of hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality, which necessitates the quest for advanced medications and/or sustainable antibacterial strategies. This study aims to develop bioderived chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) and ZnO nanoparticles to produce non-toxic nanohybrid materials with improved aqueous stability and enhanced antibacterial properties. These nanohybrids were formed via either (i) an ex situ route by mixing the ChNFs with ZnO nanoparticles prepared by flame spray pyrolysis or (ii) an in situ route resulting in ZnO nanoparticles being formed and embedded into ChNFs by a simple aqueous hydrothermal process, utilizing a low-cost Zn inorganic precursor. The ChNFs, the ZnO nanoparticles, and the nanohybrids were physicochemically characterized for their size, morphology, charge and stability. Their antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram (−) <i>E. coli</i> and Gram (+) <i>S. aureus</i> bacteria, while their cytocompatibility was assessed against mammalian cell lines. The obtained results reveal a balance between antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility, as both nanohybrids exhibited satisfactory antibacterial activity (MIC 200–300 μg/mL) combined with low cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines (cell viability 80–100%), indicating that their further application as safe and effective antibacterial agents is promising.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/11/809chitin nanofibersZnO nanoparticlesflame spray pyrolysisorganic–inorganic nanohybrid materialsantibacterial properties |
| spellingShingle | Caroline Piffet Jean-Michel Thomassin Emilie Stierlin Job Tchoumtchoua Claudio Fernández Marta Mateo Leyre Hernández Kyriaki Marina Lyra Aggeliki Papavasiliou Elias Sakellis Fotios K. Katsaros Zili Sideratou Dimitris Tsiourvas Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation Nanomaterials chitin nanofibers ZnO nanoparticles flame spray pyrolysis organic–inorganic nanohybrid materials antibacterial properties |
| title | Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation |
| title_full | Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation |
| title_short | Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation |
| title_sort | sustainable antibacterial chitin nanofiber zno nanohybrid materials ex situ and in situ synthesis characterization and evaluation |
| topic | chitin nanofibers ZnO nanoparticles flame spray pyrolysis organic–inorganic nanohybrid materials antibacterial properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/11/809 |
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