Sustainable Antibacterial Chitin Nanofiber/ZnO Nanohybrid Materials: Ex Situ and In Situ Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation

Diseases caused by infection are a threat to human health and the world economy, with bacterial infections being responsible for a large portion of hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality, which necessitates the quest for advanced medications and/or sustainable antibacterial strategies. This stud...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Caroline Piffet, Jean-Michel Thomassin, Emilie Stierlin, Job Tchoumtchoua, Claudio Fernández, Marta Mateo, Leyre Hernández, Kyriaki Marina Lyra, Aggeliki Papavasiliou, Elias Sakellis, Fotios K. Katsaros, Zili Sideratou, Dimitris Tsiourvas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/11/809
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Diseases caused by infection are a threat to human health and the world economy, with bacterial infections being responsible for a large portion of hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality, which necessitates the quest for advanced medications and/or sustainable antibacterial strategies. This study aims to develop bioderived chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) and ZnO nanoparticles to produce non-toxic nanohybrid materials with improved aqueous stability and enhanced antibacterial properties. These nanohybrids were formed via either (i) an ex situ route by mixing the ChNFs with ZnO nanoparticles prepared by flame spray pyrolysis or (ii) an in situ route resulting in ZnO nanoparticles being formed and embedded into ChNFs by a simple aqueous hydrothermal process, utilizing a low-cost Zn inorganic precursor. The ChNFs, the ZnO nanoparticles, and the nanohybrids were physicochemically characterized for their size, morphology, charge and stability. Their antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram (−) <i>E. coli</i> and Gram (+) <i>S. aureus</i> bacteria, while their cytocompatibility was assessed against mammalian cell lines. The obtained results reveal a balance between antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility, as both nanohybrids exhibited satisfactory antibacterial activity (MIC 200–300 μg/mL) combined with low cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines (cell viability 80–100%), indicating that their further application as safe and effective antibacterial agents is promising.
ISSN:2079-4991