Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle Vehicle
This paper focuses on a comprehensive study of a four-axle vehicle, including dynamics analysis, equivalent modeling methods, and their comparison. Firstly, a linear two-degree lateral dynamic model is established, which has four drive axles and two steer axles. Secondly, the mathematical transfer f...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Actuators |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0825/13/12/473 |
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| author | Dequan Zeng Wei Luo Yinquan Yu Yiming Hu Peizhi Zhang Giuseppe Carbone Dongfu Xie Huafu Fang Letian Gao |
| author_facet | Dequan Zeng Wei Luo Yinquan Yu Yiming Hu Peizhi Zhang Giuseppe Carbone Dongfu Xie Huafu Fang Letian Gao |
| author_sort | Dequan Zeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper focuses on a comprehensive study of a four-axle vehicle, including dynamics analysis, equivalent modeling methods, and their comparison. Firstly, a linear two-degree lateral dynamic model is established, which has four drive axles and two steer axles. Secondly, the mathematical transfer function expressions for the yaw rate and the centroid sideslip angle were derived on the basis of the model. The steady-state parameters, such as yaw rate gain <i>G<sub>γss</sub></i>, centroid sideslip angle gain <i>G<sub>βss</sub></i>, stability factor <i>K<sub>n</sub></i>, equivalent axial distance <i>l<sub>n</sub></i>, and equivalent centroid sideslip angle coefficient <i>K<sub>n’</sub></i> were obtained by using the transfer functions. Then, the steady-state and transient characteristics are roundly discussed, including steady-state parameters, system root trajectory, frequency domain, and time domain. Some recommendations for the four-axle vehicle’s parameter design are also given. Finally, for a more simple and efficient analysis of response characteristics of four-axle vehicles and even <i>n</i> (<i>n</i> > 4) axle vehicles, the equivalent model is developed for the four-axle vehicle, and comprehensive analyses are presented with four equalization methods, which are based on the inner heart of the approximation triangle, the outer heart of the approximation triangle, the center of gravity of the approximation triangle and the compensation point. Following a thorough analysis of the four, it is determined that the inner approximation triangle solution approach is most suited for four-axle vehicles. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-226451195da74a4d8358ce7ef5a83062 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-0825 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Actuators |
| spelling | doaj-art-226451195da74a4d8358ce7ef5a830622025-08-20T02:53:38ZengMDPI AGActuators2076-08252024-11-01131247310.3390/act13120473Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle VehicleDequan Zeng0Wei Luo1Yinquan Yu2Yiming Hu3Peizhi Zhang4Giuseppe Carbone5Dongfu Xie6Huafu Fang7Letian Gao8School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Postdoctoral Research Center of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Postdoctoral Research Center of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Postdoctoral Research Center of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Postdoctoral Research Center of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, ChinaSchool of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Postdoctoral Research Center of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Postdoctoral Research Center of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Postdoctoral Research Center of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, ChinaThis paper focuses on a comprehensive study of a four-axle vehicle, including dynamics analysis, equivalent modeling methods, and their comparison. Firstly, a linear two-degree lateral dynamic model is established, which has four drive axles and two steer axles. Secondly, the mathematical transfer function expressions for the yaw rate and the centroid sideslip angle were derived on the basis of the model. The steady-state parameters, such as yaw rate gain <i>G<sub>γss</sub></i>, centroid sideslip angle gain <i>G<sub>βss</sub></i>, stability factor <i>K<sub>n</sub></i>, equivalent axial distance <i>l<sub>n</sub></i>, and equivalent centroid sideslip angle coefficient <i>K<sub>n’</sub></i> were obtained by using the transfer functions. Then, the steady-state and transient characteristics are roundly discussed, including steady-state parameters, system root trajectory, frequency domain, and time domain. Some recommendations for the four-axle vehicle’s parameter design are also given. Finally, for a more simple and efficient analysis of response characteristics of four-axle vehicles and even <i>n</i> (<i>n</i> > 4) axle vehicles, the equivalent model is developed for the four-axle vehicle, and comprehensive analyses are presented with four equalization methods, which are based on the inner heart of the approximation triangle, the outer heart of the approximation triangle, the center of gravity of the approximation triangle and the compensation point. Following a thorough analysis of the four, it is determined that the inner approximation triangle solution approach is most suited for four-axle vehicles.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0825/13/12/473four-axle vehiclesdynamic analysisthe steady-state and transient characteristicsequivalent modeling |
| spellingShingle | Dequan Zeng Wei Luo Yinquan Yu Yiming Hu Peizhi Zhang Giuseppe Carbone Dongfu Xie Huafu Fang Letian Gao Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle Vehicle Actuators four-axle vehicles dynamic analysis the steady-state and transient characteristics equivalent modeling |
| title | Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle Vehicle |
| title_full | Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle Vehicle |
| title_fullStr | Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle Vehicle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle Vehicle |
| title_short | Dynamic Analysis and Equivalent Modeling for a Four-Axle Vehicle |
| title_sort | dynamic analysis and equivalent modeling for a four axle vehicle |
| topic | four-axle vehicles dynamic analysis the steady-state and transient characteristics equivalent modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0825/13/12/473 |
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