Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study
BackgroundBacterial bloodstream infections are a major global health concern, particularly in resource-limited settings including Ethiopia. There is a lack of updated and comprehensive data that integrates microbiological data and clinical findings. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize bacter...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1518051/full |
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| author | Teshiwal Deress Gizeaddis Belay Getahun Ayenew Worku Ferede Minichil Worku Tigist Feleke Solomon Belay Meseret Mulu Asefa Adimasu Taddese Tegegne Eshetu Mebratu Tamir Michael Getie |
| author_facet | Teshiwal Deress Gizeaddis Belay Getahun Ayenew Worku Ferede Minichil Worku Tigist Feleke Solomon Belay Meseret Mulu Asefa Adimasu Taddese Tegegne Eshetu Mebratu Tamir Michael Getie |
| author_sort | Teshiwal Deress |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundBacterial bloodstream infections are a major global health concern, particularly in resource-limited settings including Ethiopia. There is a lack of updated and comprehensive data that integrates microbiological data and clinical findings. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize bacterial profiles, antimicrobial susceptibility, and associated factors in patients suspected of bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional study analyzed electronic records from January 2019 to December 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, and blood culture data were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were employed to identify factors associated with bloodstream infections. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were computed. Furthermore, a binary and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to determine the relationship between BSI and associated factors. Variables with p-values of <0.05 from the multivariable logistic regression were used to show the presence of statistically significant associations.ResultsA total of 4,727 patients’ records were included in the study. Among these, 14.8% (701/4,727) were bacterial bloodstream infections, with Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 63.5% (445/701) of cases. The most common bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (23.5%), and Escherichia coli (8.4%). The study revealed a high resistance level to several antibiotics, with approximately 60.9% of the isolates demonstrating multidrug resistance. Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli exhibited high levels of multidrug resistance. The study identified emergency OPD [AOR = 3.2; (95% CI: 1.50–6.74)], oncology ward [AOR = 3.0; (95% CI: 1.21–7.17)], and surgical ward [AOR = 3.3; (95% CI: 1.27–8.43)] as factors associated with increased susceptibility to bloodstream infections.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of bacterial isolates was high with concerning levels of multi-drug resistance. The study identified significant associations between bloodstream infections with age groups and presentation in specific clinical settings, such as the emergency OPD, oncology ward, and surgical ward. Strict regulation of antibiotic stewardship and the implementation of effective infection control programs should be enforced. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-225cf8b47c384002b2170d2ed60f585a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-225cf8b47c384002b2170d2ed60f585a2025-08-20T02:05:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-03-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15180511518051Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional studyTeshiwal Deress0Gizeaddis Belay1Getahun Ayenew2Worku Ferede3Minichil Worku4Tigist Feleke5Solomon Belay6Meseret Mulu7Asefa Adimasu Taddese8Tegegne Eshetu9Mebratu Tamir10Michael Getie11Department of Quality Assurance and Laboratory Management, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Amhara National Regional State Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaDepartment of Molecular Laboratory, Trachoma Elimination Program, The Carter Center, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaMicrobiology Laboratory, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, EthiopiaMicrobiology Laboratory, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, EthiopiaMicrobiology Laboratory, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, EthiopiaMicrobiology Laboratory, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, EthiopiaMicrobiology Laboratory, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, EthiopiaAcademy of Wellness and Human Development, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Amhara National Regional State Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaBackgroundBacterial bloodstream infections are a major global health concern, particularly in resource-limited settings including Ethiopia. There is a lack of updated and comprehensive data that integrates microbiological data and clinical findings. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize bacterial profiles, antimicrobial susceptibility, and associated factors in patients suspected of bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional study analyzed electronic records from January 2019 to December 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, and blood culture data were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were employed to identify factors associated with bloodstream infections. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were computed. Furthermore, a binary and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to determine the relationship between BSI and associated factors. Variables with p-values of <0.05 from the multivariable logistic regression were used to show the presence of statistically significant associations.ResultsA total of 4,727 patients’ records were included in the study. Among these, 14.8% (701/4,727) were bacterial bloodstream infections, with Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 63.5% (445/701) of cases. The most common bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (23.5%), and Escherichia coli (8.4%). The study revealed a high resistance level to several antibiotics, with approximately 60.9% of the isolates demonstrating multidrug resistance. Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli exhibited high levels of multidrug resistance. The study identified emergency OPD [AOR = 3.2; (95% CI: 1.50–6.74)], oncology ward [AOR = 3.0; (95% CI: 1.21–7.17)], and surgical ward [AOR = 3.3; (95% CI: 1.27–8.43)] as factors associated with increased susceptibility to bloodstream infections.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of bacterial isolates was high with concerning levels of multi-drug resistance. The study identified significant associations between bloodstream infections with age groups and presentation in specific clinical settings, such as the emergency OPD, oncology ward, and surgical ward. Strict regulation of antibiotic stewardship and the implementation of effective infection control programs should be enforced.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1518051/fullbacterial etiologyantimicrobial resistancebloodstream infectionsUniversity of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospitalcross-sectional studyEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Teshiwal Deress Gizeaddis Belay Getahun Ayenew Worku Ferede Minichil Worku Tigist Feleke Solomon Belay Meseret Mulu Asefa Adimasu Taddese Tegegne Eshetu Mebratu Tamir Michael Getie Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study Frontiers in Microbiology bacterial etiology antimicrobial resistance bloodstream infections University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital cross-sectional study Ethiopia |
| title | Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the university of gondar comprehensive specialized hospital a cross sectional study |
| topic | bacterial etiology antimicrobial resistance bloodstream infections University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital cross-sectional study Ethiopia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1518051/full |
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