Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene
Abstract Supramolecular additives are an established class of nucleating agents to modify and control the solid‐state morphology of semi‐crystalline polymers, in particular isotactic polypropylene (iPP). A widely used reinforcement material for iPP is glass fibers (GFs), which significantly improve...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Macromolecular Materials and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400389 |
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| author | Dennis Schröder Jannik Thanner Klaus Kreger Hans‐Werner Schmidt |
| author_facet | Dennis Schröder Jannik Thanner Klaus Kreger Hans‐Werner Schmidt |
| author_sort | Dennis Schröder |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Supramolecular additives are an established class of nucleating agents to modify and control the solid‐state morphology of semi‐crystalline polymers, in particular isotactic polypropylene (iPP). A widely used reinforcement material for iPP is glass fibers (GFs), which significantly improve the mechanical properties. Here, these two types of materials are combined by creating defined hierarchical superstructures composed of glass microfiber nonwovens and supramolecular nanofibers based on selected 1,3,5‐benzetrisamides (BTA). The supramolecular nanofibers are prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD), a straightforward solvent‐free process. By systematically varying PVD process parameters, it is shown that supramolecular BTA nanofibers can be reproducibly prepared on flat substrates. The morphology of the supramolecular nanofibers can be controlled by substrate temperature, evaporation time, and evaporation rate. The use of GF nonwovens enables the fabrication of hierarchical superstructures with a bottlebrush morphology comprising supramolecular nanofibers of defined length. These hierarchical superstructures are capable of nucleating iPP and thus promote transcrystallization of the iPP from the decorated GFs surface, which ultimately improves the adhesion between the GFs and the iPP. Laminating decorated GF nonwovens between two iPP films clearly increases the mechanical properties of the composites in contrast to composites without nucleating agents. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-223edd386d6d4ddd8947aa88db559287 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1438-7492 1439-2054 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Macromolecular Materials and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-223edd386d6d4ddd8947aa88db5592872025-08-20T02:31:43ZengWiley-VCHMacromolecular Materials and Engineering1438-74921439-20542025-05-013105n/an/a10.1002/mame.202400389Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic PolypropyleneDennis Schröder0Jannik Thanner1Klaus Kreger2Hans‐Werner Schmidt3Macromolecular Chemistry I and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Bayreuth 95447 Bayreuth GermanyInorganic Colloids for Electrochemical Energy storage University of Bayreuth 95447 Bayreuth GermanyMacromolecular Chemistry I and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Bayreuth 95447 Bayreuth GermanyMacromolecular Chemistry I and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Bayreuth 95447 Bayreuth GermanyAbstract Supramolecular additives are an established class of nucleating agents to modify and control the solid‐state morphology of semi‐crystalline polymers, in particular isotactic polypropylene (iPP). A widely used reinforcement material for iPP is glass fibers (GFs), which significantly improve the mechanical properties. Here, these two types of materials are combined by creating defined hierarchical superstructures composed of glass microfiber nonwovens and supramolecular nanofibers based on selected 1,3,5‐benzetrisamides (BTA). The supramolecular nanofibers are prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD), a straightforward solvent‐free process. By systematically varying PVD process parameters, it is shown that supramolecular BTA nanofibers can be reproducibly prepared on flat substrates. The morphology of the supramolecular nanofibers can be controlled by substrate temperature, evaporation time, and evaporation rate. The use of GF nonwovens enables the fabrication of hierarchical superstructures with a bottlebrush morphology comprising supramolecular nanofibers of defined length. These hierarchical superstructures are capable of nucleating iPP and thus promote transcrystallization of the iPP from the decorated GFs surface, which ultimately improves the adhesion between the GFs and the iPP. Laminating decorated GF nonwovens between two iPP films clearly increases the mechanical properties of the composites in contrast to composites without nucleating agents.https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.2024003891, 3, 5‐benzenetrisamidesglass fiber compositesisotactic polypropylenephysical vapor depositionsupramolecular nanofiberssupramolecular nucleating agents |
| spellingShingle | Dennis Schröder Jannik Thanner Klaus Kreger Hans‐Werner Schmidt Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 1, 3, 5‐benzenetrisamides glass fiber composites isotactic polypropylene physical vapor deposition supramolecular nanofibers supramolecular nucleating agents |
| title | Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene |
| title_full | Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene |
| title_fullStr | Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene |
| title_short | Hierarchical Glass Fiber Superstructures with Supramolecular Nanofibers for the Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene |
| title_sort | hierarchical glass fiber superstructures with supramolecular nanofibers for the nucleation of isotactic polypropylene |
| topic | 1, 3, 5‐benzenetrisamides glass fiber composites isotactic polypropylene physical vapor deposition supramolecular nanofibers supramolecular nucleating agents |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400389 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dennisschroder hierarchicalglassfibersuperstructureswithsupramolecularnanofibersforthenucleationofisotacticpolypropylene AT jannikthanner hierarchicalglassfibersuperstructureswithsupramolecularnanofibersforthenucleationofisotacticpolypropylene AT klauskreger hierarchicalglassfibersuperstructureswithsupramolecularnanofibersforthenucleationofisotacticpolypropylene AT hanswernerschmidt hierarchicalglassfibersuperstructureswithsupramolecularnanofibersforthenucleationofisotacticpolypropylene |