Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi
Abstract Currently, there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in complex multimedia urban environmental systems. Taking Urumqi City as a case study, we developed an integrated multimedia urban environmental model to simulate the inter...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88796-6 |
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| author | Junxuan Ma Nuerla Ailijiang Anwar Mamat Yixian Wu Xiaoxiao Luo Min Li |
| author_facet | Junxuan Ma Nuerla Ailijiang Anwar Mamat Yixian Wu Xiaoxiao Luo Min Li |
| author_sort | Junxuan Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Currently, there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in complex multimedia urban environmental systems. Taking Urumqi City as a case study, we developed an integrated multimedia urban environmental model to simulate the inter-media transport processes of PAHs across air, water, soil, sediment, vegetation, and impervious surfaces. The predictive results of this model were in good agreement with the actual monitoring data from 2021, confirming its accuracy. Notably, the simulated data for 2021 indicate that the total amount of PAHs in the soil reached 1.06 × 106 kg, accounting for 97.44% of the total PAHs in Urumqi City, highlighting soil as the primary sink for PAHs. Further analysis of transport fluxes revealed that atmospheric transfer pathways to soil and vegetation are the main mechanisms driving the distribution of PAHs in urban environments. Additionally, sensitivity analysis identified temperature, soil, and vegetation-related parameters as the primary factors influencing PAHs. Based on the simulated concentration, the risk assessment results showed that soil PAHs had a higher risk of carcinogenesis to human body. This study deepens our understanding of the behavior of PAHs in urban environments and provides insights into how human activities affect the fate and transformation of these contaminants in multimedia urban systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-223c915bc89a488a815500423820b56e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-223c915bc89a488a815500423820b56e2025-02-09T12:31:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-88796-6Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in UrumqiJunxuan Ma0Nuerla Ailijiang1Anwar Mamat2Yixian Wu3Xiaoxiao Luo4Min Li5Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversitySchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityAbstract Currently, there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in complex multimedia urban environmental systems. Taking Urumqi City as a case study, we developed an integrated multimedia urban environmental model to simulate the inter-media transport processes of PAHs across air, water, soil, sediment, vegetation, and impervious surfaces. The predictive results of this model were in good agreement with the actual monitoring data from 2021, confirming its accuracy. Notably, the simulated data for 2021 indicate that the total amount of PAHs in the soil reached 1.06 × 106 kg, accounting for 97.44% of the total PAHs in Urumqi City, highlighting soil as the primary sink for PAHs. Further analysis of transport fluxes revealed that atmospheric transfer pathways to soil and vegetation are the main mechanisms driving the distribution of PAHs in urban environments. Additionally, sensitivity analysis identified temperature, soil, and vegetation-related parameters as the primary factors influencing PAHs. Based on the simulated concentration, the risk assessment results showed that soil PAHs had a higher risk of carcinogenesis to human body. This study deepens our understanding of the behavior of PAHs in urban environments and provides insights into how human activities affect the fate and transformation of these contaminants in multimedia urban systems.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88796-6Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsMultimediaUrban environmental modelFugacityEmission factorsRisk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Junxuan Ma Nuerla Ailijiang Anwar Mamat Yixian Wu Xiaoxiao Luo Min Li Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi Scientific Reports Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Multimedia Urban environmental model Fugacity Emission factors Risk assessment |
| title | Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi |
| title_full | Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi |
| title_fullStr | Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi |
| title_short | Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi |
| title_sort | fugacity based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of pahs in urumqi |
| topic | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Multimedia Urban environmental model Fugacity Emission factors Risk assessment |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88796-6 |
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