The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDV
Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a significant pathogen in swine, causing substantial economic losses worldwide. Despite the availability of existing vaccines, there is a critical need for novel vaccine platforms that ensure robust protection while maintaining safety. Methods: A...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/223 |
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| author | Jingxuan Yi Huaye Luo Kang Zhang Lilei Lv Siqi Li Yifeng Jiang Yanjun Zhou Zuzhang Wei Changlong Liu |
| author_facet | Jingxuan Yi Huaye Luo Kang Zhang Lilei Lv Siqi Li Yifeng Jiang Yanjun Zhou Zuzhang Wei Changlong Liu |
| author_sort | Jingxuan Yi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a significant pathogen in swine, causing substantial economic losses worldwide. Despite the availability of existing vaccines, there is a critical need for novel vaccine platforms that ensure robust protection while maintaining safety. Methods: A recombinant replication-deficient vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vaccine, rVSV∆G-PEDV-S, was developed by pseudotyping the virus with the spike (S) protein from PEDV. To achieve high-titer pseudotyped rVSV particles, a stable Huh7 cell line expressing the PEDV S protein (Huh7-PEDV-S) was generated. The infectivity and replication capacity of rVSV∆G-PEDV-S were evaluated in PEDV-susceptible cell lines and Huh7-PEDV-S cells. The vaccine’s immunogenicity and safety were assessed in BALB/c mice vaccinated intramuscularly with rVSV∆G-PEDV-S. Results: The pseudotyped rVSV∆G-PEDV-S demonstrated infectivity in PEDV-susceptible cell lines and robust replication in Huh7-PEDV-S cells, while remaining replication-deficient in non-complementary cells. In vaccinated BALB/c mice, the vaccine elicited a strong humoral immune response, characterized by high levels of PEDV S1-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies. No adverse effects, including weight loss or behavioral changes, were observed in the vaccinated mice, confirming the vaccine’s safety. Conclusions: The rVSV∆G-PEDV-S vaccine represents a promising platform for controlling PEDV outbreaks. Its replication-deficient design and pseudotyping methodology ensure safety and adaptability to emerging PEDV variants. These findings highlight the potential of rVSV∆G-PEDV-S as a safe and effective solution to the ongoing challenges posed by PEDV. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2238d1cbede54fb88534f76b1b4a3b17 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj-art-2238d1cbede54fb88534f76b1b4a3b172025-08-20T02:43:04ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-02-0113322310.3390/vaccines13030223The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDVJingxuan Yi0Huaye Luo1Kang Zhang2Lilei Lv3Siqi Li4Yifeng Jiang5Yanjun Zhou6Zuzhang Wei7Changlong Liu8College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, ChinaShanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, ChinaShanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaShanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaShanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaShanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, ChinaShanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaBackground: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a significant pathogen in swine, causing substantial economic losses worldwide. Despite the availability of existing vaccines, there is a critical need for novel vaccine platforms that ensure robust protection while maintaining safety. Methods: A recombinant replication-deficient vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vaccine, rVSV∆G-PEDV-S, was developed by pseudotyping the virus with the spike (S) protein from PEDV. To achieve high-titer pseudotyped rVSV particles, a stable Huh7 cell line expressing the PEDV S protein (Huh7-PEDV-S) was generated. The infectivity and replication capacity of rVSV∆G-PEDV-S were evaluated in PEDV-susceptible cell lines and Huh7-PEDV-S cells. The vaccine’s immunogenicity and safety were assessed in BALB/c mice vaccinated intramuscularly with rVSV∆G-PEDV-S. Results: The pseudotyped rVSV∆G-PEDV-S demonstrated infectivity in PEDV-susceptible cell lines and robust replication in Huh7-PEDV-S cells, while remaining replication-deficient in non-complementary cells. In vaccinated BALB/c mice, the vaccine elicited a strong humoral immune response, characterized by high levels of PEDV S1-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies. No adverse effects, including weight loss or behavioral changes, were observed in the vaccinated mice, confirming the vaccine’s safety. Conclusions: The rVSV∆G-PEDV-S vaccine represents a promising platform for controlling PEDV outbreaks. Its replication-deficient design and pseudotyping methodology ensure safety and adaptability to emerging PEDV variants. These findings highlight the potential of rVSV∆G-PEDV-S as a safe and effective solution to the ongoing challenges posed by PEDV.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/223porcine epidemic diarrhea virusspike proteinvesicular stomatitis viruspseudovirusvaccine |
| spellingShingle | Jingxuan Yi Huaye Luo Kang Zhang Lilei Lv Siqi Li Yifeng Jiang Yanjun Zhou Zuzhang Wei Changlong Liu The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDV Vaccines porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein vesicular stomatitis virus pseudovirus vaccine |
| title | The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDV |
| title_full | The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDV |
| title_fullStr | The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDV |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDV |
| title_short | The Pseudotyped Replication-Deficient VSV with Spike from PEDV Induces Neutralizing Antibody Against PEDV |
| title_sort | pseudotyped replication deficient vsv with spike from pedv induces neutralizing antibody against pedv |
| topic | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein vesicular stomatitis virus pseudovirus vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/223 |
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