Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic sources and are widely found in soils. This present research was carried out to evaluate the concentrations and toxicological risk assessment of the United Sta...
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Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
2023-12-01
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| Series: | UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research |
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| Online Access: | https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/358 |
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| author | A M Sule M B Tijani H I Atta M T Isa |
| author_facet | A M Sule M B Tijani H I Atta M T Isa |
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic sources and are widely found in soils. This present research was carried out to evaluate the concentrations and toxicological risk assessment of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (16 priority PAHs) in soils from the vicinity of an oil spillage site in Delta State of Nigeria. The level of pollution and potential toxicological health hazards of the PAHs were assessed in surface soil samples using soxhlet extraction of and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirteen out of the sixteen USEPA priority PAHs were detected in the soil sample. The concentrations of PAHs in the petroleum-contaminated soils in this investigation ranged from 0.01181 ppm to 1.16054 ppm, with the total estimated concentration of the 16 priority PAHs being 5.6713 ppm. Furthermore, the distribution of the PAHs in the study area was predominated by LMW PAHs (62%) over HMW PAHs (38%). Additionally, the total toxicity equivalency quotients TEQ (B[a]Peq) result of the carcinogenic potency of the USEPA priority PAHs was calculated as 0.08689 ppm (8.689%) and was discovered to be within the Canadian TEQ (B[a]Peq) threshold of 0.6 ppm. This suggests that the soil in the study area is safe based on the Canadian TEQ (B[a]Peq) standard and does not constitute a carcinogenic risk. However, the long-term bioaccumulation of these low quantities of PAHs in human has been found to constitute a potential health concern due to bioaccumulation in living systems.
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| publisher | Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria |
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| spelling | doaj-art-220c6f7e6da94b499653e1f96a64ef012025-08-20T02:28:00ZengUmaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, NigeriaUMYU Journal of Microbiology Research2616-06682814-18222023-12-018210.47430/ujmr.2382.012358Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of NigeriaA M Sule0M B Tijani1H I Atta2M T Isa3Department of Industrial and Environmental Pollution, National Research Institute for Chemical Technology, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic sources and are widely found in soils. This present research was carried out to evaluate the concentrations and toxicological risk assessment of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (16 priority PAHs) in soils from the vicinity of an oil spillage site in Delta State of Nigeria. The level of pollution and potential toxicological health hazards of the PAHs were assessed in surface soil samples using soxhlet extraction of and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirteen out of the sixteen USEPA priority PAHs were detected in the soil sample. The concentrations of PAHs in the petroleum-contaminated soils in this investigation ranged from 0.01181 ppm to 1.16054 ppm, with the total estimated concentration of the 16 priority PAHs being 5.6713 ppm. Furthermore, the distribution of the PAHs in the study area was predominated by LMW PAHs (62%) over HMW PAHs (38%). Additionally, the total toxicity equivalency quotients TEQ (B[a]Peq) result of the carcinogenic potency of the USEPA priority PAHs was calculated as 0.08689 ppm (8.689%) and was discovered to be within the Canadian TEQ (B[a]Peq) threshold of 0.6 ppm. This suggests that the soil in the study area is safe based on the Canadian TEQ (B[a]Peq) standard and does not constitute a carcinogenic risk. However, the long-term bioaccumulation of these low quantities of PAHs in human has been found to constitute a potential health concern due to bioaccumulation in living systems. https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/358Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonstoxicity equivalency quotientcarcinogenic potencypetroleum spillage |
| spellingShingle | A M Sule M B Tijani H I Atta M T Isa Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons toxicity equivalency quotient carcinogenic potency petroleum spillage |
| title | Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_full | Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_short | Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_sort | toxicological risk evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from a petroleum spillage site at kokori in the niger delta region of nigeria |
| topic | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons toxicity equivalency quotient carcinogenic potency petroleum spillage |
| url | https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/358 |
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